Anatomic Distribution of the Morphologic Variation of the Upper Lip Frenulum Among Healthy Newborns.

ABSTRACT:

Importance

The maxillary labial frenulum and its potential contribution to breastfeeding difficulty may substantially affect public health. However, objective studies of the frenulum are limited.

Objective

To measure the variations in length, thickness, and attachments of the maxillary labial frenulum in healthy newborns and to identify which anatomic measurements could be used in further research investigating the maxillary labial frenulum.

Design, setting, and participants

This prospective cross-sectional study conducted measurements on images of maxillary labial frenula captured by digital photography from 150 healthy newborns admitted to the newborn nursery at a tertiary care children's hospital in Maryland between September 1, 2017, and April 1, 2018.

Main out

SUBMITTER: Ray S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6707021 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature