Cutaneous microangiopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes: Impaired vascular endothelial growth factor expression and its correlation with neuropathy, retinopathy and nephropathy.

ABSTRACT:

Aims/introduction

To examine the three-dimensional morphology and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression of skin microvasculature in patients with type 2 diabetes in relation to neuropathy, retinopathy and nephropathy.

Materials and methods

The present study enrolled 17 individuals with type 2 diabetes and 16 without. Skin sections were double-immunostained for type IV collagen and VEGF-A or protein gene product 9.5. Projected images from confocal microscopy served to quantify the occupancy rate of subepidermal type IV collagen-immunoreactive microvascular basement membrane area (OR-T4MBM), subepidermal VEGF-A-immunoreactive area and the VEGF/T4MBM ratio, as well as the protein gene product 9.5-immunoreactive intraepidermal nerve fiber density. Reduced intraepi

SUBMITTER: Sugimoto K 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6717820 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature