Cell In Vitro Testing with Soil Invertebrates-Challenges and Opportunities toward Modeling the Effect of Nanomaterials: A Surface-Modified CuO Case Study.

ABSTRACT: Soil invertebrates have been widely used in ecotoxicology studies for decades, although their use as in vitro models, albeit promising, has not been pursued as much. The immune cells of earthworms (coelomocytes) and the coelomic fluid can be used, and are a highly relevant in vitro system. Although it has been tested before, to cover the testing of nanomaterials (NMs), several challenges should be considered. NMs characteristics (dispersibility, agglomeration, etc.) can interfere with the common in vitro methodologies, not only during exposure, but also during the measurements. Here, we have assessed the effect of a CuO NMs case study using surface-modified particles, functionalized for safe-by-design strategies with ascorbate, citrate, polyethylenimine, and polyvinylpyrrolidinone, plus th

SUBMITTER: Ribeiro MJ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6723996 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature