APOL1 and kidney cell function.

ABSTRACT: The apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) gene is unique to humans and gorillas and appeared ~33 million years ago. Since the majority of the mammals do not carry APOL1, it seems to be dispensable for kidney function. APOL1 renal risk variants (RRVs; G1 and G2) are associated with the development as well as progression of chronic kidney diseases (CKDs) at higher rates in populations with African ancestry. Cellular expression of two APOL1 RRVs has been demonstrated to induce cytotoxicity, including necrosis, apoptosis, and pyroptosis, in several cell types including podocytes; mechanistically, these toxicities were attributed to lysosomal swelling, K⁺ depletion, mitochondrial dysfunction, autophagy blockade, protein kinase receptor activation, ubiquitin D degradation, and endoplasmic reticul

SUBMITTER: Kumar V 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6732453 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature