Visualizing Autophagic Flux during Endothelial Injury with a Pathway-Inspired Tandem-Reaction Based Fluorogenic Probe.

ABSTRACT: Autophagy is a dynamic and complicated catabolic process. Imaging autophagic flux can clearly advance knowledge of its pathophysiology significance. While the most common way autophagy is imaged relies on fluorescent protein-based probes, this method requires substantial genetic manipulation that severely restricts the application. Small fluorescent probes capable of tracking autophagic flux with good spatiotemporal resolution are highly demanable. Methods: In this study, we developed a small-molecule fluorogenic probe (AFG-1) that facilitates real-time imaging of autophagic flux in both intact cells and live mice. AFG-1 is inspired by the cascading nitrosative and acidic microenvironments evolving during autophagy. It operates over two sequential steps. In the first s

SUBMITTER: Lei Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6735386 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature