Fragmented mitochondria released from microglia trigger A1 astrocytic response and propagate inflammatory neurodegeneration.

ABSTRACT: In neurodegenerative diseases, debris of dead neurons are thought to trigger glia-mediated neuroinflammation, thus increasing neuronal death. Here we show that the expression of neurotoxic proteins associated with these diseases in microglia alone is sufficient to directly trigger death of naive neurons and to propagate neuronal death through activation of naive astrocytes to the A1 state. Injury propagation is mediated, in great part, by the release of fragmented and dysfunctional microglial mitochondria into the neuronal milieu. The amount of damaged mitochondria released from microglia relative to functional mitochondria and the consequent neuronal injury are determined by Fis1-mediated mitochondrial fragmentation within the glial cells. The propagation of the inflammatory response and

SUBMITTER: Joshi AU 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6764589 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature