Inflammatory Biomarkers as Predictors of Response to Immunotherapy in Urological Tumors.

ABSTRACT: Immunotherapy represents the new era of cancer treatment because of its promising results in various cancer types. In urological tumors, the use of the immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is increasingly spreading. Although not all patients and not all diseases respond equally well to immunotherapy, there is an increasing need to find predictive markers of response to ICIs. Patient- and tumor-related factors may be involved in primary and secondary resistance to immunotherapy: tumor-derived protein and cytokines, tumor mutational burden, and patient performance status and comorbidities can condition tumor response to ICIs. Recently, some of these factors have been evaluated as potential biomarkers of response, with conflicting results. To date, the expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (

SUBMITTER: Schepisi G 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6770345 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature