Supplementary granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor to chemotherapy and programmed death-ligand 1 blockade decreases local recurrence after surgery in bladder cancer.

ABSTRACT: Despite advances and refinements in surgery and perioperative chemotherapy, there are still unmet medical needs with respect to radical cystectomy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). We investigated the potential benefit of supplementary granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) to chemoimmunotherapy with programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) axis blockade and standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy in bladder cancer. We inoculated 2 × 10⁵ MBT2 cells s.c. in C3H mice to create a syngeneic animal model of local recurrence (LR). When the tumor diameter reached 12 mm, the mice were allocated randomly as follows: (i) non-treated control (vehicle only); (ii) anti-mPD-L1 monotherapy; (iii) mGM-CSF monotherapy; (iv) anti-mPD-L1 plus m

SUBMITTER: Miyake M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6778624 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature