Differential Effect of Mucosal NKp44⁺ Innate Lymphoid Cells and Δγ Cells on Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Outcome in Rhesus Macaques.

ABSTRACT: NK cells are essential for controlling viral infections. We investigated NK cell and innate lymphoid cell (ILC) dynamics and function in rhesus macaque rectal tissue and blood following mucosal priming with replicating adenovirus (Ad)-SIV recombinants, systemic boosting with SIV envelope protein, and subsequent repeated low-dose intravaginal SIV exposures. Mucosal memory-like NK and ILC subsets in rectal and vaginal tissues of chronically infected macaques were also evaluated. No differences in NK cell or ILC frequencies or cytokine production were seen between vaccinated and Ad-empty/alum controls, suggesting responses were due to the Ad-vector and alum vaccine components. Mucosal NKp44⁺ ILCs increased postvaccination and returned to prelevels postinfection. The vaccine regimen

SUBMITTER: Rahman MA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6810926 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature