Assessing Causality in Associations of Serum Calcium and Magnesium Levels With Heart Failure: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.

ABSTRACT: Evidence from observational studies suggests that increased exposure to calcium may increase the risk of coronary heart disease and stroke whereas magnesium might have a protective effect on disease risk. However, studies of the associations of these minerals with heart failure are scarce and limited by potential biases introduced by confounding and reverse causality. We applied a two-sample Mendelian randomization design using summary estimates to assess whether serum calcium and magnesium concentrations are causally associated with heart failure. Summary statistics data were collected for seven and six single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with calcium and magnesium, respectively, from the hitherto largest genome-wide association studies on these minerals. Corresponding summary stat

SUBMITTER: Helte E 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6819429 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature