Project description:In order to expand the availability of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), measures to facilitate the procedure are necessary. When bleeding occurs, the examiner's field of vision is critically impaired, and ESD becomes less efficient and more hazardous because of the presence of submucosal hematoma and covered blood clot. We propose the use of polyethylene glycol (PEG) irrigation as a simple and effective measure to improve visibility during submucosal dissection, particularly when bleeding occurs. PEG irrigation facilitates further dissection by allowing a better recognition of the submucosal fibers and muscularis propria layer.
Project description:AIMS:To evaluate the short- and long-term outcomes of 3 different endoscopic dissection techniques for upper gastrointestinal (GI) submucosal tumours (SMTs). METHODS:Data for 135 patients withGI SMTs who underwent multiband mucosectomy (MBM), endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), or endoscopic submucosal excavation (ESE) were retrospectively assessed. The en bloc resection rate, endoscopic complete resection rate, operation time, potential complications and local recurrence rate were compared. RESULTS:No significant differences were observed in the rate of endoscopic complete resections and pathologic complete resections among the three groups. For SMTs >?15?mm in width, the lowest en bloc resection rate was found for MBM (P?=?0.000). MBM was also associated with the shortest procedure time, lowest perforation rate and lowest rate of major bleeding. ESE was the most effective procedure for muscularis propria (MP) lesions but was associated with the longest operation time (P?<?0.01). The ESD and ESE groups had similar perforation rates (P?>?0.05). No differences were observed in 4-year local recurrence rates among the groups (P?=?0.945). CONCLUSIONS:MBM is a simple and effective method for the treatment of small SMTs and achieves clinical success rates similar to those of ESD and ESE. However, ESD and ESE are preferable for larger and deep lesions and are associated with a longer operation time. Nonetheless, all 3 techniques resulted in a low 4-year local recurrence rate. Large-scale randomized clinical trials are needed to further investigate these results.
Project description:Background and aims:The Clutch Cutter (CC) can grasp, pull, coagulate, and incise targeted tissue with the use of electrosurgical current. It was developed as a biopsy technique to reduce the technical difficulty of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) with knives. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ESD using the CC (ESD-CC) for early colorectal epithelial neoplasms (ECENs). Methods:In this prospective study, we enrolled 437 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of ECEN between January 2009 and January 2018. They all satisfied the Japanese colorectal cancer treatment guidelines for ESD; namely, confirmation by preliminary endoscopy, EUS, and endoscopic biopsy. The CC was used for all steps of ESD (mucosal incision, submucosal dissection, and hemostatic treatment); therapeutic efficacy and safety were assessed. Results:The en bloc resection rate was 99.3% (434/437), and the R0 resection rate was 87.0% (380/437). The mean operating time was 88.3 minutes. Perforation occurred in 10 cases (2.3%) and was managed with conservative medical treatment. Post-ESD-CC bleeding occurred in 10 cases (2.3%) and was successfully treated by endoscopic hemostatic treatment. Conclusions:ESD-CC is a technically efficient, safe, and easy method for resecting ECEN.
Project description:ObjectivesTo investigate the treatment effects of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) versus endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) for early gastric cancer (EGC).DesignMeta-analysis.MethodsWe systematically searched three electronic databases, including PubMed, EmBase and the Cochrane library for studies published with inception to January 2018. The eligible studies should be evaluated for the efficacy and safety of ESD versus EMR for patients with EGC. The summary ORs and standard mean differences (SMDs) with 95% CIs were employed as effect estimates. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate the impact of single study on overall analysis. Subgroup analyses were performed for investigated outcomes to evaluate the treatment effects of ESD versus EMR for patients with EGC with specific subsets.ResultsEighteen studies, with a total of 6723 patients with EGC, were included in final analysis. The summary ORs indicated that patients with EGC who received ESD were associated with an increased incidence of en bloc resection (OR: 9.00; 95% CI: 6.66 to 12.17; p<0.001), complete resection (OR: 8.43; 95% CI: 5.04 to 14.09; p<0.001) and curative resection (OR: 2.92; 95% CI: 1.85 to 4.61; p<0.001) when compared with EMR. Furthermore, ESD was associated with lower risk of local recurrence (OR: 0.18; 95% CI: 0.09 to 0.34; p<0.001). In addition, there was no significant difference between ESD and EMR for the risk of bleeding (OR: 1.26; 95% CI: 0.88 to 1.80; p=0.203). Though, ESD was correlated with greater risk of perforation (OR: 2.55; 95% CI: 1.48 to 4.39; p=0.001), and longer operation time (SMD: 1.12; 95% CI: 0.13 to 2.10; p=0.026) as compared with EMR. Additionally, several different features observed in included studies and patients could bias the effectiveness of ESD versus EMR in patients with EGC.ConclusionsESD is superior than EMR for en bloc resection, complete resection, curative resection and local recurrence, while it increased perforation risk and longer operation time.
Project description:Progress in the endoscopy technology field led to an increase in the diagnosis of early gastrointestinal (GI) superficial lesions and to an improvement of their treatment. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has been developed in Japan with the aim of removing such lesions in one piece, in order to obtain a curative resection and to minimize the risk of local recurrence, and to preserve the native organ. ESD is widely used in Asia for the treatment of early upper and lower GI lesions and is currently gaining attention in Western countries too. However, ESD can be safely performed only by expert endoscopists and in specific clinical settings. Therefore, prior to decide whether ESD is feasible or not, the target lesion must be carefully assessed, in order to understand whether or not it is eligible for submucosal dissection. The aim of this paper is to review indications, limitations and technical aspects of upper GI ESD.
Project description:The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a novel bracing basket for Endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection (ESTD), which was developed for improved effectiveness and ease of use. This was a prospective randomized, comparative, experimental animal study carried out at a single center. The primary aim was to evaluate the efficacy of ESTD with a novel bracing basket, compared with conventional ESTD. The secondary aims were to assess the quality control of the procedures and adverse events. Twenty procedures (6 esophageal and 14 gastric) were performed in four pigs. All resections were completed as en bloc resections. The technical success rate was 100% for both techniques (bracing basket-assisted ESTD vs. conventional ESTD). The procedure times were similar, but the cutting speed was quicker with bracing basket-assisted ESTD in gastric (antrum:23.3?±?2.2 mm2/min vs. 15.2?±?3.2 mm2/min, body: 26.1?±?1.3 mm2/min vs. 18.4?±?2.0 mm2/min, p?<?0.05). There was one bleeding in the bracing basket-assisted ESTD group and one perforation in the conventional ESTD group. Compared with conventional ESTD, the use of this basket has potential advantages. Comparison studies with larger gastric or colorectal lesions treated with conventional ESTD are needed.