Dataset Information

Nitrification inhibitors effectively target N₂ O-producing Nitrosospira spp. in tropical soil.

ABSTRACT: The nitrification inhibitors (NIs) 3,4-dimethylpyrazole (DMPP) and dicyandiamide (DCD) can effectively reduce N₂ O emissions; however, which species are targeted and the effect of these NIs on the microbial nitrifier community is still unclear. Here, we identified the ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) species linked to N₂ O emissions and evaluated the effects of urea and urea with DCD and DMPP on the nitrifying community in a 258 day field experiment under sugarcane. Using an amoA AOB amplicon sequencing approach and mining a previous dataset of 16S rRNA sequences, we characterized the most likely N₂ O-producing AOB as a Nitrosospira spp. and identified Nitrosospira (AOB), Nitrososphaera (archaeal ammonia oxidizer) and Nitrospira (nitrite-oxidizer) as the most abundant, present nitrifiers. The fertilizer treatments had no effect on the alpha and beta diversities of the AOB communities. Interestingly, we found three clusters of co-varying variables with nitrifier operational taxonomic units (OTUs): the N₂ O-producing AOB Nitrosospira with N₂ O, NO₃ ^- , NH₄ ⁺ , water-filled pore space (WFPS) and pH; AOA Nitrososphaera with NO₃ ^- , NH₄ ⁺ and pH; and AOA Nitrososphaera and NOB Nitrospira with NH₄ ⁺ , which suggests different drivers. These results support the co-occurrence of non-N₂ O-producing Nitrososphaera and Nitrospira in the unfertilized soils and the promotion of N₂ O-producing Nitrosospira under urea fertilization. Further, we suggest that DMPP is a more effective NI than DCD in tropical soil under sugarcane.

SUBMITTER: Cassman NA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6850170 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Nitrification inhibitors effectively target N2 O-producing Nitrosospira spp. in tropical soil.

Cassman Noriko A NA Soares Johnny R JR Pijl Agata A Lourenço Késia S KS van Veen Johannes A JA Cantarella Heitor H Kuramae Eiko E EE

Environmental microbiology 20190314 4

The nitrification inhibitors (NIs) 3,4-dimethylpyrazole (DMPP) and dicyandiamide (DCD) can effectively reduce N2 O emissions; however, which species are targeted and the effect of these NIs on the microbial nitrifier community is still unclear. Here, we identified the ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) species linked to N2 O emissions and evaluated the effects of urea and urea with DCD and DMPP on the nitrifying community in a 258 day field experiment under sugarcane. Using a ...[more]

PMID: 30735001

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Project description:Dicyandiamide (DCD) and nitrapyrin (NP) are nitrification inhibitors (NIs) used in agriculture for over 40 years. Recently, ethoxyquin (EQ) was proposed as a novel potential NI, acting through its derivative quinone imine (QI). Still, the specific activity of these NIs on the different groups of ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms (AOM), and mostly their effects on other soil microbiota remain unknown. We determined the impact of QI, and comparatively of DCD and NP, applied at two doses (regular versus high), on the function, diversity, and dynamics of target (AOM), functionally associated (nitrite-oxidizing bacteria-NOB), and off-target prokaryotic and fungal communities in two soils mainly differing in pH (5.4 versus 7.9). QI was equally effective to DCD but more effective than NP in inhibiting nitrification in the acidic soil, while in the alkaline soil QI was less efficient than DCD and NP. This was attributed to the higher activity of QI toward AOA prevailing in the acidic soil. All NIs induced significant effects on the composition of the AOB community in both soils, unlike AOA, which were less responsive. Beyond on-target effects, we noted an inhibitory effect of all NIs on the abundance of NOB in the alkaline soil, with Nitrobacter being more sensitive than Nitrospira. QI, unlike the other NIs, induced significant changes in the composition of the bacterial and fungal communities in both soils. Our findings have serious implications for the efficiency and future use of NIs on agriculture and provide unprecedented evidence for the potential off-target effects of NIs on soil microbiota. IMPORTANCE NIs could improve N use efficiency and decelerate N cycling. Still, we know little about their activity on the distinct AOM groups and about their effects on off-target soil microorganisms. Here, we studied the behavior of a new potent NI, QI, compared to established NIs. We show that (i) the variable efficacy of NIs across soils with different pH reflects differences in the inherent specific activity of the NIs to AOA and AOB; (ii) beyond AOM, NIs exhibit negative effects on other nitrifiers, like NOB; (iii) QI was the sole NI that significantly affected prokaryotic and fungal diversity. Our findings (i) highlight the need for novel NI strategies that consider the variable sensitivity of AOM groups to the different NIs (ii) identify QI as a potent AOA inhibitor, and (iii) stress the need for monitoring NIs' impact on off-target soil microorganisms to ensure sustainable N fertilizers use and soil ecosystem functioning.

Dataset Information

Nitrification inhibitors effectively target N₂ O-producing Nitrosospira spp. in tropical soil.

Publications

Nitrification inhibitors effectively target N<sub>2</sub> O-producing Nitrosospira spp. in tropical soil.

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