True and false positive rates for different criteria of evaluating statistical evidence from clinical trials.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Until recently a typical rule that has often been used for the endorsement of new medications by the Food and Drug Administration has been the existence of at least two statistically significant clinical trials favoring the new medication. This rule has consequences for the true positive (endorsement of an effective treatment) and false positive rates (endorsement of an ineffective treatment). METHODS:In this paper, we compare true positive and false positive rates for different evaluation criteria through simulations that rely on (1) conventional p-values; (2) confidence intervals based on meta-analyses assuming fixed or random effects; and (3) Bayes factors. We varied threshold levels for statistical evidence, thresholds for what constitutes a clinically meaningful treatment e

SUBMITTER: van Ravenzwaaij D 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6882054 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature