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Carbon-nanotube reinforcement of DNA-silica nanocomposites yields programmable and cell-instructive biocoatings.

ABSTRACT: Biomedical applications require substrata that allow for the grafting, colonization and control of eukaryotic cells. Currently available materials are often limited by insufficient possibilities for the integration of biological functions and means for tuning the mechanical properties. We report on tailorable nanocomposite materials in which silica nanoparticles are interwoven with carbon nanotubes by DNA polymerization. The modular, well controllable and scalable synthesis yields materials whose composition can be gradually adjusted to produce synergistic, non-linear mechanical stiffness and viscosity properties. The materials were exploited as substrata that outperform conventional culture surfaces in the ability to control cellular adhesion, proliferation and transmigration through the hydrogel matrix. The composite materials also enable the construction of layered cell architectures, the expansion of embryonic stem cells by simplified cultivation methods and the on-demand release of uniformly sized stem cell spheroids.

SUBMITTER: Hu Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6892801 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Carbon-nanotube reinforcement of DNA-silica nanocomposites yields programmable and cell-instructive biocoatings.

Hu Yong Y Domínguez Carmen M CM Bauer Jens J Weigel Simone S Schipperges Alessa A Oelschlaeger Claude C Willenbacher Norbert N Keppler Stephan S Bastmeyer Martin M Heißler Stefan S Wöll Christof C Scharnweber Tim T Rabe Kersten S KS Niemeyer Christof M CM

Nature communications 20191204 1

Biomedical applications require substrata that allow for the grafting, colonization and control of eukaryotic cells. Currently available materials are often limited by insufficient possibilities for the integration of biological functions and means for tuning the mechanical properties. We report on tailorable nanocomposite materials in which silica nanoparticles are interwoven with carbon nanotubes by DNA polymerization. The modular, well controllable and scalable synthesis yields materials whos ...[more]

PMID: 31797918

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Project description:A cutting-edge method that uses electromagnetic (EM) energy for the melt processing of thermoplastic polymer nanocomposites (TPNCs) is reported. The properties and microstructures of TPNCs produced via the proposed EM-processing method and TPNCs via conventional heat processing are contrasted. The EM-processed TPNCs prepared with EM-susceptible carbon nanotubes (CNTs) exhibited a significant enhancement in transport and mechanical properties, outperforming the conventionally processed TPNCs. Thus, the EM-processed TPNCs demonstrated an ultralow electrical percolation threshold (∼0.09 vol %) and a remarkable increase in volume electrical conductivity of 8 orders of magnitude (i.e., 1.1 × 10-5 S/m) at only 1.0 wt % CNT loading, compared to their hot-pressed counterparts. This highlights the superior network formation, level of segregation, and structuring enabled by EM processing. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed that EM-processed TPNCs exhibited higher crystallinity (∼9% higher) and a predominantly α crystal phase compared to the hot-pressed TPNCs. Microstructural inspection by electron microscopy disclosed that EM processing led to segregated but interconnected multiscale networks of a thin and well-defined CNT interphase that encompassed from the nanoscale of the CNTs to the macroscopic scale of TPNCs. In contrast, conventional processing developed a more diffused CNT interphase with less interconnectivity. The EM-processed TPNCs developed a statistically higher stiffness (+20%) and in certain cases, even better strength (+10%) than the hot-pressed TPNCs. However, the EM-processed TPNCs displayed significantly lower ductility, owing to their higher crystallinity, more brittle crystal α phase, and the potential formation of microvoids in the bulk of the TPNCs inherent to the unoptimized EM processing. This work provides an understanding of an alternative and unconventional processing method capable of achieving higher structuring in nanocomposites with advanced multifunctional properties.

Dataset Information

Carbon-nanotube reinforcement of DNA-silica nanocomposites yields programmable and cell-instructive biocoatings.

Publications

Carbon-nanotube reinforcement of DNA-silica nanocomposites yields programmable and cell-instructive biocoatings.

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