Interaction modifications lead to greater robustness than pairwise non-trophic effects in food webs.

ABSTRACT: Considerable emphasis has been placed recently on the importance of incorporating non-trophic effects into our understanding of ecological networks. Interaction modifications are well-established as generating strong non-trophic impacts by modulating the strength of interspecific interactions. For simplicity and comparison with direct interactions within a network context, the consequences of interaction modifications have often been described as direct pairwise interactions. The consequences of this assumption have not been examined in non-equilibrium settings where unexpected consequences of interaction modifications are most likely. To test the distinct dynamic nature of these "higher-order" effects, we directly compare, using dynamic simulations, the robustness to extinctions under per

SUBMITTER: Terry JCD 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6900167 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature