Structural perspectives on HIV-1 Vif and APOBEC3 restriction factor interactions.

ABSTRACT: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a retroviral pathogen that targets human immune cells such as CD4⁺ T cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells. The human apolipoprotein B mRNA- editing catalytic polypeptide 3 (APOBEC3 or A3) cytidine deaminases are a key class of intrinsic restriction factors that inhibit replication of HIV. When HIV-1 enters the cell, the immune system responds by inducing the activation of the A3 family proteins, which convert cytosines to uracils in single-stranded DNA replication intermediates, neutralizing the virus. HIV counteracts this intrinsic immune response by encoding a protein termed viral infectivity factor (Vif). Vif targets A3 to an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex for poly-ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Vif is unique in that it can r

SUBMITTER: Azimi FC 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6954718 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature