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Evaluation of oral care protocols practice by dentists in Rio de Janeiro towards HIV/AIDS individuals.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to evaluate the dentists' knowledge and practice regarding HIV positive individuals' oral care in Rio de Janeiro State. METHODS:Dentists from Rio de Janeiro State (n =?242) answered an electronic questionnaire on biosafety procedures, oral manifestations of AIDS, and knowledge of HIV infection. Collected information was stratified by gender, and data were analyzed using Chi-square and t tests. RESULTS:From the 14 oral manifestations investigated, oral candidiasis, necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, and hairy leucoplakia were more associated with HIV, with no differences between the responses from men and women. Above 85% of the participants would be concerned about becoming infected with HIV after a needle/ sharp object injury and more than 80% of them were willing to be tested for HIV. However, significantly more women (98.8%), compared to men (91.3%), said they knew that HIV/ AIDS patients can contaminate dental care professionals, p =?0.007. There was a significant difference in the answers for the questions: "Are there special dental clinics for treatment of HIV/AIDS patients in Brazil?" (p =?0.044), and "Do the negative HIV tests surely indicate that the persons are free of viruses?" (p =?0.005). Significant differences between men and women were also observed regarding use of disposable mask (p =?0.01), and cap (p

SUBMITTER: Silva-Boghossian CM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6961293 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Evaluation of oral care protocols practice by dentists in Rio de Janeiro towards HIV/AIDS individuals.

Silva-Boghossian Carina Maciel CM Boscardini Brenda Azzariti Berrondo BAB Pereira Claudia Maria CM Moreira Edson Jorge Lima EJL

BMC oral health 20200114 1

<h4>Background</h4>The aim of this study was to evaluate the dentists' knowledge and practice regarding HIV positive individuals' oral care in Rio de Janeiro State.<h4>Methods</h4>Dentists from Rio de Janeiro State (n = 242) answered an electronic questionnaire on biosafety procedures, oral manifestations of AIDS, and knowledge of HIV infection. Collected information was stratified by gender, and data were analyzed using Chi-square and t tests.<h4>Results</h4>From the 14 oral manifestations inve ...[more]

PMID: 31937291

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Project description:BackgroundZika virus (ZIKV) has been linked to central nervous system malformations in fetuses. To characterize the spectrum of ZIKV disease in pregnant women and infants, we followed patients in Rio de Janeiro to describe clinical manifestations in mothers and repercussions of acute ZIKV infection in infants.MethodsWe enrolled pregnant women in whom a rash had developed within the previous 5 days and tested blood and urine specimens for ZIKV by reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction assays. We followed women prospectively to obtain data on pregnancy and infant outcomes.ResultsA total of 345 women were enrolled from September 2015 through May 2016; of these, 182 women (53%) tested positive for ZIKV in blood, urine, or both. The timing of acute ZIKV infection ranged from 6 to 39 weeks of gestation. Predominant maternal clinical features included a pruritic descending macular or maculopapular rash, arthralgias, conjunctival injection, and headache; 27% had fever (short-term and low-grade). By July 2016, a total of 134 ZIKV-affected pregnancies and 73 ZIKV-unaffected pregnancies had reached completion, with outcomes known for 125 ZIKV-affected and 61 ZIKV-unaffected pregnancies. Infection with chikungunya virus was identified in 42% of women without ZIKV infection versus 3% of women with ZIKV infection (P<0.001). Rates of fetal death were 7% in both groups; overall adverse outcomes were 46% among offspring of ZIKV-positive women versus 11.5% among offspring of ZIKV-negative women (P<0.001). Among 117 live infants born to 116 ZIKV-positive women, 42% were found to have grossly abnormal clinical or brain imaging findings or both, including 4 infants with microcephaly. Adverse outcomes were noted regardless of the trimester during which the women were infected with ZIKV (55% of pregnancies had adverse outcomes after maternal infection in the first trimester, 52% after infection in the second trimester, and 29% after infection in the third trimester).ConclusionsDespite mild clinical symptoms in the mother, ZIKV infection during pregnancy is deleterious to the fetus and is associated with fetal death, fetal growth restriction, and a spectrum of central nervous system abnormalities. (Funded by Ministério da Saúde do Brasil and others.).

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Evaluation of oral care protocols practice by dentists in Rio de Janeiro towards HIV/AIDS individuals.

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Evaluation of oral care protocols practice by dentists in Rio de Janeiro towards HIV/AIDS individuals.

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