Dataset Information

Does having a seasonal influenza program facilitate pandemic preparedness? An analysis of vaccine deployment during the 2009 pandemic.

ABSTRACT:

Background

National seasonal influenza programs have been recommended as a foundation for pandemic preparedness. During the 2009 pandemic, WHO aimed to increase Member States' equitable access to influenza vaccines through pandemic vaccine donation.

Methods

This analysis explores whether the presence of a seasonal influenza program contributed to more rapid national submission of requirements to receive vaccine during the 2009 influenza pandemic. Data from 2009 influenza vaccine donation, deployment, and surveillance initiatives were collected during May-September 2018 from WHO archival material. Data about the presence of seasonal influenza vaccine programs prior to 2009 were gathered from the WHO-UNICEF Joint Reporting Form. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the relationship between presence of a seasonal influenza program and time to submission of a national deployment and vaccination plan and to vaccine delivery.

Finding

Of 97 countries eligible to receive WHO-donated vaccine, 83 (86%) submitted national deployment and vaccination plans and 77 (79%) received vaccine. Countries with a seasonal influenza vaccine program were more likely to submit a national deployment and vaccination plan (hazards ratio [HR] 2.1; 95% confidence interval [CI]. Countries with regulatory delays were less likely to receive vaccine than those without these delays (HR 0.4, 95% CI: 0.2-0.6).

Interpretation

During the 2009 pandemic, eligible countries with a seasonal influenza vaccine program weremore ready to receive and use donated vaccines than those without a program. Our findings suggest that robust seasonal influenza vaccine programs increase national familiarity with the management of influenza vaccines and therefore enhance pandemic preparedness.

Funding

N/A.

SUBMITTER: Porter RM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6992512 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Does having a seasonal influenza program facilitate pandemic preparedness? An analysis of vaccine deployment during the 2009 pandemic.

Porter Rachael M RM Goldin Shoshanna S Lafond Kathryn E KE Hedman Lisa L Ungkuldee Mellissa M Kurzum Jordan J Azziz-Baumgartner Eduardo E Nannei Claudia C Bresee Joseph S JS Moen Ann A

Vaccine 20191212 5

<h4>Background</h4>National seasonal influenza programs have been recommended as a foundation for pandemic preparedness. During the 2009 pandemic, WHO aimed to increase Member States' equitable access to influenza vaccines through pandemic vaccine donation.<h4>Methods</h4>This analysis explores whether the presence of a seasonal influenza program contributed to more rapid national submission of requirements to receive vaccine during the 2009 influenza pandemic. Data from 2009 influenza vaccine d ...[more]

PMID: 31839465

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Project description:BackgroundDuring the COVID-19 pandemic corruption risks were amplified in health systems globally, increasing health inequities within and between countries. During the pandemic, the deployment of COVID-19 vaccines, particularly concerning their procurement and distribution, had corruption risks given the large amounts of public and private funding allocated to them, the need for speed, the involvement of a high number of stakeholders, and often insufficient oversight. To explore this issue further, we conducted a descriptive, qualitative study of corruption risks in the COVID-19 vaccine deployment process.MethodsWe conducted a descriptive, qualitative study triangulating two data sources between May and August 2022: (1) published academic and grey literature and (2) key informant interviews with representatives from organizations involved with the COVAX Facility, representatives from COVAX donor and recipient countries, and individuals with expert knowledge of the COVID-19 vaccine deployment process (e.g., consultants for international organizations involved in COVID-19 vaccine deployment, members of non-governmental organizations, etc.).ResultsWe identified 44 academic articles and policy documents and triangulated. Documentary data with 16 key informant interviews. A review of the literature identified several corruption risks in the international COVID-19 vaccine procurement and distribution process such as a lack of transparency in the vaccine procurement process; a lack of transparency in the operation of the COVAX Facility; a risk of bribery; and a risk of vaccine theft or the introduction of substandard and falsified vaccines at the point of distribution. Key informants further articulated concerns about a lack of transparency in vaccine pricing and contracts and the exclusion of civil society organizations from the vaccine deployment process. Reported anti-corruption, transparency, and accountability (ACTA) mechanisms implemented across the many levels of the vaccine procurement and distribution deployment included institutional oversight processes, blockchain-based supply-chain solutions, and civil society engagements.ConclusionPublic health emergencies require nimble and quick actions on the part of governments, international organizations and other actors Our study on the COVID-19 vaccine deployment process highlights the pressing need for more robust ACTA mechanisms to reduce corruption risks and ensure fair and equitable access to lifesaving vaccines for populations.

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Dataset Information

Does having a seasonal influenza program facilitate pandemic preparedness? An analysis of vaccine deployment during the 2009 pandemic.

Background

Methods

Finding

Interpretation

Funding

Publications

Does having a seasonal influenza program facilitate pandemic preparedness? An analysis of vaccine deployment during the 2009 pandemic.

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