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Inflammasome Activation Induced by a Snake Venom Lys49-Phospholipase A2 Homologue.


ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Snake venom phospholipases A2 (PLA2s) have hemolytic, anticoagulant, myotoxic, oedematogenic, bactericidal, and inflammatory actions. BthTX-I, a Lys49-PLA2 isolated from Bothrops jararacussu venom, is an example of Lys49-PLA2 that presents such actions. NLRP3 is a cytosolic receptor from the NLR family responsible for inflammasome activation via caspase-1 activation and IL-1? liberation. The study of NLRs that recognize tissue damage and activate the inflammasome is relevant in envenomation. METHODS:Male mice (18-20 g) received an intramuscular injection of BthTX-I or sterile saline. The serum was collected for creatine-kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and interleukin-1? (IL-1?) assays, and muscle was removed for inflammasome activation immunoblotting and qRT-PCR expression for nucleotide and oligomerization domain, leucine-rich repeat-containing protein family, pyrin-containing domain 3 receptor (NLRP3) inflammasome components. RESULTS:BthTX-I-induced inflammation and myonecrosis, shown by intravital microscope, and LDH and CK release, respectively. Mouse treatment with A438079, a P2X7 receptor antagonist, did not modify these effects. BthTX-I induced inflammasome activation in muscle, but P2X7R participation in this effect was not observed. CONCLUSION:Together, the results showed for the first time that BthTX-I in gastrocnemius muscle induces inflammation and consequently, inflammasome activation via NLRP3 with caspase-1 activation and IL-1? liberation.

SUBMITTER: Boeno CN 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7020408 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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<h4>Background</h4>Snake venom phospholipases A<sub>2</sub> (PLA<sub>2</sub>s) have hemolytic, anticoagulant, myotoxic, oedematogenic, bactericidal, and inflammatory actions. BthTX-I, a Lys49-PLA<sub>2</sub> isolated from <i>Bothrops jararacussu</i> venom, is an example of Lys49-PLA<sub>2</sub> that presents such actions. NLRP3 is a cytosolic receptor from the NLR family responsible for inflammasome activation via caspase-1 activation and IL-1β liberation. The study of NLRs that recognize tissue  ...[more]

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