Dataset Information

Production of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid from Lactic Acid Bacteria: A Systematic Review.

ABSTRACT: Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is widely distributed in nature and considered a potent bioactive compound with numerous and important physiological functions, such as anti-hypertensive and antidepressant activities. There is an ever-growing demand for GABA production in recent years. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are one of the most important GABA producers because of their food-grade nature and potential of producing GABA-rich functional foods directly. In this paper, the GABA-producing LAB species, the biosynthesis pathway of GABA by LAB, and the research progress of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), the key enzyme of GABA biosynthesis, were reviewed. Furthermore, GABA production enhancement strategies are reviewed, from optimization of culture conditions and genetic engineering to physiology-oriented engineering approaches and co-culture methods. The advances in both the molecular mechanisms of GABA biosynthesis and the technologies of synthetic biology and genetic engineering will promote GABA production of LAB to meet people's demand for GABA. The aim of the review is to provide an insight of microbial engineering for improved production of GABA by LAB in the future.

SUBMITTER: Cui Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7037312 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Production of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid from Lactic Acid Bacteria: A Systematic Review.

Cui Yanhua Y Miao Kai K Niyaphorn Siripitakyotin S Qu Xiaojun X

International journal of molecular sciences 20200203 3

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is widely distributed in nature and considered a potent bioactive compound with numerous and important physiological functions, such as anti-hypertensive and antidepressant activities. There is an ever-growing demand for GABA production in recent years. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are one of the most important GABA producers because of their food-grade nature and potential of producing GABA-rich functional foods directly. In this paper, the GABA-producing LAB specie ...[more]

PMID: 32028587

Similar Datasets

Project description:Gut bacteria hold the potential to produce a broad range of metabolites that can modulate human functions, including molecules with neuroactive potential. One such molecule is γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the main inhibitory neurotransmitter of the central nervous system in animals. Metagenomic analyses suggest that the genomes of many gut bacteria encode glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), the enzyme that catalyzes GABA production. The genome of Akkermansia muciniphila, a mucin specialist and potential next-generation probiotic from the human gut, is predicted to encode GAD, suggesting a contributing role in GABA production in the human gut. In this study, A. muciniphila was grown in batch cultures with and without pH control. In both experiments, A. muciniphila was found to produce GABA as a response to acid (pH <5.5), although only when GABA precursors, either glutamate or glutamine, were present in the medium. Proteomic analysis comparing A. muciniphila grown with and without precursors at pH 4 did not show a difference in GAD expression, suggesting that it is expressed regardless of the presence of GABA precursors. To further investigate the function of A. muciniphila GAD, we heterologously expressed the gad gene (encoded by locus tag Amuc_0372) with a His tag in Escherichia coli and purified the GAD protein. Enzyme assays showed GAD activity in a pH range between 4 and 6, with the highest specific activity at pH 5 of 144 ± 16 µM GABA/min/mg. Overall, our results demonstrate the ability of A. muciniphila to produce GABA as an acid response and unravel the conditions under which GABA production in A. muciniphila occurs.IMPORTANCEAkkermansia muciniphila is considered to be a beneficial bacterium from the human gut, but the exact mechanisms by which A. muciniphila influences its host are not yet fully understood. To this end, it is important to identify which metabolites are produced and consumed by A. muciniphila that may contribute to a healthy gut. In the present study, we demonstrate the ability of A. muciniphila to produce γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) when grown in an acidic environment, which often occurs in the gut. GABA is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and is present in the human gut. For this reason, it is considered an important bacterial metabolite. Our finding that A. muciniphila produces GABA in acidic environments adds to the growing body of understanding of its relationship with host health and provides an explanation on how it can survive acid stress in the human gut.

Dataset Information

Production of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid from Lactic Acid Bacteria: A Systematic Review.

Publications

Production of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid from Lactic Acid Bacteria: A Systematic Review.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets