A review of nonrevenue water assessment software tools.

ABSTRACT: Several software tools are available that can assess the performance of nonrevenue water (NRW) in water distribution networks and plan for reduction measures. Of the 21 tools that have been reported in the literature, 12 are freely available. The creation of these many tools and different versions of each individual tool indicates the promising future of NRW software development. This review comprises 12 freely available tools for water balance establishment, NRW performance assessment, and NRW reduction planning. Most of the tools have been developed to establish standard annual water balances and recommended performance indicators (PIs) for the entire network. Some tools have been developed to intervene and reduce the leakage in a district metered area. Key features increasingly being in

SUBMITTER: Al-Washali TM 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7074021 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Mar-Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature