Dataset Information

Data on germination, growth and morphological changes of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) zygotic embryos during in vitro culturing.

ABSTRACT: Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) from being almost unknown crop a mere three decades ago is now the most consumed and the most traded edible oil in the world. It is a highest yielding crop producing on an average 4 to 6 tons of oil per ha per year. Due to its innumerable uses in the food, oleochemicals and biofuel industries, cultivation of oil palm has expanded enormously in recent years. Since oil palm is a perennial monocotyledonous species with a single growing apex, the plant cannot be multiplied vegetatively and the conventional propagation through seed is limited by dormancy. Thus in vitro germination has become the key method for multiplication of elite oil palm genotypes. Although there are several reports on in vitro germination of oil palm, still there is a lack of an efficient & repeatable method. Hence an attempt is made to standardize the suitable culture media for direct germination from mature oil palm zygotic embryos. The data presented here represents the effect of genotypes, pretreatments and culture media on Mean Germination Time, Speed of Germination Index, Shoot Formation Index and Root Formation Index during in vitro culturing of oil palm zygotic embryos.

SUBMITTER: Sparjanbabu DS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7093796 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Data on germination, growth and morphological changes of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) zygotic embryos during in vitro culturing.

Sparjanbabu D S DS Prasanna H S HS Ramajayam D D Naveenkumar P P Krishna M S R MSR Susanthi B B

Data in brief 20191216

Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) from being almost unknown crop a mere three decades ago is now the most consumed and the most traded edible oil in the world. It is a highest yielding crop producing on an average 4 to 6 tons of oil per ha per year. Due to its innumerable uses in the food, oleochemicals and biofuel industries, cultivation of oil palm has expanded enormously in recent years. Since oil palm is a perennial monocotyledonous species with a single growing apex, the plant canno ...[more]

PMID: 32226798

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Project description:BACKGROUND: Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is one of the most important oil bearing crops in the world. However, genetic improvement of oil palm through conventional breeding is extremely slow and costly, as the breeding cycle can take up to 10 years. This has brought about interest in vegetative propagation of oil palm. Since the introduction of oil palm tissue culture in the 1970s, clonal propagation has proven to be useful, not only in producing uniform planting materials, but also in the development of the genetic engineering programme. Despite considerable progress in improving the tissue culture techniques, the callusing and embryogenesis rates from proliferating callus cultures remain very low. Thus, understanding the gene diversity and expression profiles in oil palm tissue culture is critical in increasing the efficiency of these processes. RESULTS: A total of 12 standard cDNA libraries, representing three main developmental stages in oil palm tissue culture, were generated in this study. Random sequencing of clones from these cDNA libraries generated 17,599 expressed sequence tags (ESTs). The ESTs were analysed, annotated and assembled to generate 9,584 putative unigenes distributed in 3,268 consensi and 6,316 singletons. These unigenes were assigned putative functions based on similarity and gene ontology annotations. Cluster analysis, which surveyed the relatedness of each library based on the abundance of ESTs in each consensus, revealed that lipid transfer proteins were highly expressed in embryogenic tissues. A glutathione S-transferase was found to be highly expressed in non-embryogenic callus. Further analysis of the unigenes identified 648 non-redundant simple sequence repeats and 211 putative full-length open reading frames. CONCLUSION: This study has provided an overview of genes expressed during oil palm tissue culture. Candidate genes with expression that are modulated during tissue culture were identified. However, in order to confirm whether these genes are suitable as early markers for embryogenesis, the genes need to be tested on earlier stages of tissue culture and a wider range of genotypes. This collection of ESTs is an important resource for genetic and genome analyses of the oil palm, particularly during tissue culture development.

Project description:BACKGROUND: Oil palm is the second largest source of edible oil which contributes to approximately 20% of the world's production of oils and fats. In order to understand the molecular biology involved in in vitro propagation, flowering, efficient utilization of nitrogen sources and root diseases, we have initiated an expressed sequence tag (EST) analysis on oil palm. RESULTS: In this study, six cDNA libraries from oil palm zygotic embryos, suspension cells, shoot apical meristems, young flowers, mature flowers and roots, were constructed. We have generated a total of 14537 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from these libraries, from which 6464 tentative unique contigs (TUCs) and 2129 singletons were obtained. Approximately 6008 of these tentative unique genes (TUGs) have significant matches to the non-redundant protein database, from which 2361 were assigned to one or more Gene Ontology categories. Predominant transcripts and differentially expressed genes were identified in multiple oil palm tissues. Homologues of genes involved in many aspects of flower development were also identified among the EST collection, such as CONSTANS-like, AGAMOUS-like (AGL)2, AGL20, LFY-like, SQUAMOSA, SQUAMOSA binding protein (SBP) etc. Majority of them are the first representatives in oil palm, providing opportunities to explore the cause of epigenetic homeotic flowering abnormality in oil palm, given the importance of flowering in fruit production. The transcript levels of two flowering-related genes, EgSBP and EgSEP were analysed in the flower tissues of various developmental stages. Gene homologues for enzymes involved in oil biosynthesis, utilization of nitrogen sources, and scavenging of oxygen radicals, were also uncovered among the oil palm ESTs. CONCLUSION: The EST sequences generated will allow comparative genomic studies between oil palm and other monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants, development of gene-targeted markers for the reference genetic map, design and fabrication of DNA array for future studies of oil palm. The outcomes of such studies will contribute to oil palm improvements through the establishment of breeding program using marker-assisted selection, development of diagnostic assays using gene targeted markers, and discovery of candidate genes related to important agronomic traits of oil palm.

Dataset Information

Data on germination, growth and morphological changes of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) zygotic embryos during in vitro culturing.

Publications

Data on germination, growth and morphological changes of oil palm (<i>Elaeis guineensis</i> Jacq.) zygotic embryos during <i>in vitro</i> culturing.

Similar Datasets

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