Dataset Information

Plasma biomarkers of astrocytic and neuronal dysfunction in early- and late-onset Alzheimer's disease.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

We investigated plasma proteomic markers of astrocytopathy, brain degeneration, plasticity, and inflammation in sporadic early-onset versus late-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD and LOAD).

Methods

Plasma was analyzed using ultra-sensitive immuno-based assays from 33 EOAD, 30 LOAD, and 36 functionally normal older adults.

Results

Principle component analyses identified 3 factors: trophic (BDNF, VEGF, TGFβ), degenerative (GFAP, NfL), and inflammatory (TNFα, IL-6, IP-10, IL-10). Trophic factor was elevated in both AD groups and associated with cognition and gray matter volumes. Degenerative factor was elevated in EOAD, with higher levels associated with worse functioning in this group. Biomarkers of inflammation were not significantly different between groups and were only associated with age.

Disucssion

Plasma proteomic biomarkers provide novel means of investigating molecular processes in vivo and their contributions to clinical outcomes. We present initial investigations of several of these fluid biomarkers, capturing aspects of astrocytopathy, neuronal injury, cellular plasticity, and inflammation in EOAD versus LOAD.

SUBMITTER: Elahi FM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7138729 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Plasma biomarkers of astrocytic and neuronal dysfunction in early- and late-onset Alzheimer's disease.

Elahi Fanny M FM Casaletto Kaitlin B KB La Joie Renaud R Walters Samantha M SM Harvey Danielle D Wolf Amy A Edwards Lauren L Rivera-Contreras Wilfredo W Karydas Anna A Cobigo Yann Y Rosen Howard J HJ DeCarli Charles C Miller Bruce L BL Rabinovici Gil D GD Kramer Joel H JH

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association 20200116 4

<h4>Introduction</h4>We investigated plasma proteomic markers of astrocytopathy, brain degeneration, plasticity, and inflammation in sporadic early-onset versus late-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD and LOAD).<h4>Methods</h4>Plasma was analyzed using ultra-sensitive immuno-based assays from 33 EOAD, 30 LOAD, and 36 functionally normal older adults.<h4>Results</h4>Principle component analyses identified 3 factors: trophic (BDNF, VEGF, TGFβ), degenerative (GFAP, NfL), and inflammatory (TNFα, IL-6, ...[more]

PMID: 31879236

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Project description:Co-pathologies play an important role in the expression of the Alzheimer's disease clinical phenotype and may influence treatment efficacy. Early-onset Alzheimer's disease, defined as manifesting before age 65, is viewed as a relatively pure form of Alzheimer's disease with a more homogeneous neuropathological substrate. We sought to compare the frequency of common neuropathological diagnoses in a consecutive autopsy series of 96 patients with early-onset Alzheimer's disease (median age of onset = 55 years, 44 females) and 48 with late-onset Alzheimer's disease (median age of onset = 73 years, 14 females). The UCSF Neurodegenerative Disease Brain Bank database was reviewed to identify patients with a primary pathological diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Prevalence and stage of Lewy body disease, limbic age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy (LATE), argyrophilic grain disease, hippocampal sclerosis, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, and vascular brain injury were compared between the two cohorts. We found at least one non-Alzheimer's disease pathological diagnosis in 98% of patients with early-onset Alzheimer's disease (versus 100% of late onset), and the number of comorbid diagnoses per patient was lower in early-onset than in late-onset Alzheimer's disease (median = 2 versus 3, Mann-Whitney Z = 3.00, P = 0.002). Lewy body disease and cerebral amyloid angiopathy were common in both early and late onset Alzheimer's disease (cerebral amyloid angiopathy: 86% versus 79%, Fisher exact P = 0.33; Lewy body disease: 49% versus 42%, P = 0.48, respectively), although amygdala-predominant Lewy body disease was more common in early than late onset Alzheimer's disease (22% versus 6%, P = 0.02). In contrast, LATE (35% versus 8%, P < 0.001), hippocampal sclerosis (15% versus 3%, P = 0.02), argyrophilic grain disease (58% versus 41%, P = 0.052), and vascular brain injury (65% versus 39%, P = 0.004) were more common in late than in early onset Alzheimer's disease, respectively. The number of co-pathologies predicted worse cognitive performance at the time of death on Mini-Mental State Examination [1.4 points/pathology (95% confidence interval, CI -2.5 to -0.2) and Clinical Dementia Rating-Sum of Boxes (1.15 point/pathology, 95% CI 0.45 to 1.84)], across early and late onset cohorts. The effect of sex on the number of co-pathologies was not significant (P = 0.17). Prevalence of at least one APOE ε4 allele was similar across the two cohorts (52% and 54%) and was associated with a greater number of co-pathologies (+0.40, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.79, P = 0.047), independent of age of symptom onset, sex, and disease duration. Females showed higher density of neurofibrillary tangles compared to males, controlling for age of onset, APOE ε4, and disease duration. Our findings suggest that non-Alzheimer's disease pathological diagnoses play an important role in the clinical phenotype of early onset Alzheimer's disease with potentially significant implications for clinical practice and clinical trials design.

Dataset Information

Plasma biomarkers of astrocytic and neuronal dysfunction in early- and late-onset Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction

Methods

Results

Disucssion

Publications

Plasma biomarkers of astrocytic and neuronal dysfunction in early- and late-onset Alzheimer's disease.

Similar Datasets

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