APOBEC3A Loop 1 Is a Determinant for Single-Stranded DNA Binding and Deamination.

ABSTRACT: The apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 3 (APOBEC3 or A3) family of proteins functions in the innate immune system. The A3 proteins are interferon inducible and hypermutate deoxycytidine to deoxyuridine in foreign single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). However, this deaminase activity cannot discriminate between foreign and host ssDNA at the biochemical level, which presents a significant danger when A3 proteins gain access to the nucleus. Interestingly, this A3 capability can be harnessed when coupled with novel CRISPR-Cas9 proteins to create a targeted base editor. Specifically, A3A has been used in vitro to revert mutations associated with disease states. Recent structural studies have shown the importance of loop regions of A3A and A3G in ssDNA recognition and

SUBMITTER: Ziegler SJ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7211764 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature