Genotypes and Phenotypes: A Search for Influential Genes in Diabetic Retinopathy.

ABSTRACT: Although gene-environment interactions are known to play an important role in the inheritance of complex traits, it is still unknown how a genotype and the environmental factors result in an observable phenotype. Understanding this complex interaction in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains a big challenge as DR appears to be a disease with heterogenous phenotypes with multifactorial influence. In this review, we examine the natural history and risk factors related to DR, emphasizing distinct clinical phenotypes and their natural course in retinopathy. Although there is strong evidence that duration of diabetes and metabolic factors play a key role in the pathogenesis of DR, accumulating new clinical studies reveal that this disease can develop independently of duration of

SUBMITTER: Cabrera AP 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7215289 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature