Dataset Information

Analysis of the Healthcare MERS-CoV Outbreak in King Abdulaziz Medical Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, June-August 2015 Using a SEIR Ward Transmission Model.

ABSTRACT: Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is an emerging zoonotic coronavirus that has a tendency to cause significant healthcare outbreaks among patients with serious comorbidities. We analyzed hospital data from the MERS-CoV outbreak in King Abdulaziz Medical Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, June-August 2015 using the susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered (SEIR) ward transmission model. The SEIR compartmental model considers several areas within the hospital where transmission occurred. We use a system of ordinary differential equations that incorporates the following units: emergency department (ED), out-patient clinic, intensive care unit, and hospital wards, where each area has its own carrying capacity and distinguishes the transmission by three individuals in the hospital: patients, health care workers (HCW), or mobile health care workers. The emergency department, as parameterized has a large influence over the epidemic size for both patients and health care workers. Trend of the basic reproduction number (R₀), which reached a maximum of 1.39 at the peak of the epidemic and declined to 0.92 towards the end, shows that until added hospital controls are introduced, the outbreak would continue with sustained transmission between wards. Transmission rates where highest in the ED, and mobile HCWs were responsible for large part of the outbreak.

SUBMITTER: Oraby T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7215950 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Analysis of the Healthcare MERS-CoV Outbreak in King Abdulaziz Medical Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, June-August 2015 Using a SEIR Ward Transmission Model.

Oraby Tamer T Tyshenko Michael G MG Balkhy Hanan H HH Tasnif Yasar Y Quiroz-Gaspar Adriana A Mohamed Zeinab Z Araya Ayesha A Elsaadany Susie S Al-Mazroa Eman E Alhelail Mohammed A MA Arabi Yaseen M YM Al-Zoughool Mustafa M

International journal of environmental research and public health 20200423 8

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is an emerging zoonotic coronavirus that has a tendency to cause significant healthcare outbreaks among patients with serious comorbidities. We analyzed hospital data from the MERS-CoV outbreak in King Abdulaziz Medical Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, June-August 2015 using the susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered (SEIR) ward transmission model. The SEIR compartmental model considers several areas within the hospital where transmission oc ...[more]

PMID: 32340361

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Project description:IntroductionAppendicitis is one of the most prevalent abdominal emergencies globally. Despite the fact that acute appendicitis is a clinical diagnosis, preoperative imaging investigations are often conducted. Other disorders that might mimic acute appendicitis can occur in the appendix. The aim of this paper is to describe the histopathological findings of all appendectomy specimens.MethodsA retrospective study of 940 cases of appendectomy that were performed between 2010 and 2017 at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia were reviewed. The main outcome measured in this study is to describe the histopathological findings of all appendectomy specimens. The secondary outcomes measured in this study were the disease incidence in relation to age, and gender. Moreover, the accuracy of imaging diagnostic tools were also evaluated.ResultsThis study included 940 participants who underwent an appendectomy procedure. The patients' mean age was 23.4 years (±12.2), with a 3:2 male to female proportion. The incidence in males and females were 59.4% and 40.6%, respectively. Being male (p < 0.001), undergoing preoperative ultrasound (p < 0.001), having elevated white blood cells count (p < 0.001) was significantly associated with accurate diagnosis of acute appendicitis confirmed by histopathology. In this study, the negative cases of appendectomy that account for 14.4% were reported primarily as normal appendix with no inflammatory changes (7.44%) followed by other unexpected findings in the appendectomy specimen (3.93%) that included faecolith, granulomas, mucocele, endometriosis, food/fecal impaction, and schistosomiasis. Our study showed CT sensitivity as a diagnostic tool of acute appendicitis is 90.2%, and its accuracy is 89.4%, while US sensitivity is 46% and its accuracy is 52.4%.ConclusionHistopathological evaluation after common procedures, such as appendectomy, is essential to avoid missing other pathologies in the appendix. Surgeons should be aware of the uncommon histopathology findings as some disorders call for additional management beyond appendectomy. The clinical details, radiological investigations including CT scan and histopathological diagnoses are required for better management in cases of appendicular lesions.

Project description:BackgroundPediatric sepsis remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. This study aimed to identify the incidence of sepsis and septic shock among patients admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of a tertiary center in Saudi Arabia. Patients' demographics and risk factors associated with sepsis-related mortality were also investigated.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted in the PICU of King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah (KAMC-J). KAMC-J is a tertiary care hospital in the western region of Saudi Arabia. A total of 2389 patients admitted to the PICU of KAMC-J between January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2017 were screened and evaluated for sepsis using The Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3).ResultsOf the 2389 total admissions to the PICU, 113 patients (4.9%) met the definition of Sepsis-3; 50.4% of the 113 patients met the definition of septic shock. Most patients (66.3%) were less than 6 years old, and 52.2% were male. Eight-five patients (75.2%) had underlying comorbidities. The respiratory system was the most common primary site of infection (57.5%). Bacterial and viral infections were the most common infectious etiology with reported rates of 29.2 and 21.2%, respectively. The median duration of PICU stay was 8 days and the 28-day PICU mortality rate was 23.9%. A Pediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (pSOFA) Score greater than four and a pre-existing percutaneous central venous catheter were associated with a significant increase in mortality, with adjusted odds ratios of 3.6 (95% confidence interval: 1.30-9.93) and 9.27 (95% confidence interval: 1.28-67.29), respectively.ConclusionsThe incidence of sepsis in our institution is comparable to that reported internationally; however, the mortality rate is higher than that of developed countries. Nationwide studies identifying sepsis epidemiology are needed to improve the outcome of pediatric sepsis. Following international guidelines for central-line insertion and maintenance is of paramount importance.

Dataset Information

Analysis of the Healthcare MERS-CoV Outbreak in King Abdulaziz Medical Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, June-August 2015 Using a SEIR Ward Transmission Model.

Publications

Analysis of the Healthcare MERS-CoV Outbreak in King Abdulaziz Medical Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, June-August 2015 Using a SEIR Ward Transmission Model.

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