Thyroglossal duct cysts and site-specific differential diagnoses: imaging findings with emphasis on ultrasound assessment.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Corvino A
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7242578 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jun
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Thyroglossal duct cysts and site-specific differential diagnoses: imaging findings with emphasis on ultrasound assessment.
Corvino Antonio A Pignata Saverio S Campanino Maria Raffaela MR Corvino Fabio F Giurazza Francesco F Tafuri Domenico D Pinto Fabio F Catalano Orlando O
Journal of ultrasound 20200212 2
Thyroglossal duct cysts (TGDCs) are the most common congenital abnormality of the neck, accounting for approximately 70% of congenital neck lesions. Two-thirds of thyroglossal duct anomalies are diagnosed within the first three decades of life, with more than half being identified before 10 years of age. The age of presentation, clinical examination and imaging are essential for an accurate diagnosis. This review aims to summarize the imaging findings of TGDCs and their main differential diagnos ...[more]
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Project description:Thyroglossal duct cyst is the most common congenital neck mass in children and young adults. The authors present two cases affecting two patients aged 7 and 9 years, respectively, who had a palpable painless swelling in the submental region. In both patients ultrasound (US) examination showed an anechoic or hypoechoic rounded mass with well-defined margins thus confirming clinical suspicion of thyroglossal duct cyst. One patient also had a second, deep-lying, nonpalpaple cyst which communicated with the superficial cyst. These cases are typical and confirm that US is essential in suspected thyroglossal duct cyst to confirm clinical diagnosis, detect lesions which are not clinically appreciable due to their small size or deep location, to assess communication between the lesions and to detect possible complications.Thyroglossal duct cyst is the most common congenital neck mass in children and young adults. The authors present two cases affecting two patients aged 7 and 9 years, respectively, who had a palpable painless swelling in the submental region. In both patients ultrasound (US) examination showed an anechoic or hypoechoic rounded mass with well-defined margins thus confirming clinical suspicion of thyroglossal duct cyst. One patient also had a second, deep-lying, nonpalpaple cyst which communicated with the superficial cyst. These cases are typical and confirm that US is essential in suspected thyroglossal duct cyst to confirm clinical diagnosis, detect lesions which are not clinically appreciable due to their small size or deep location, to assess communication between the lesions and to detect possible complications.
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Project description:ObjectiveThe incidence of thyroglossal duct diseases in the general population is about 7%. We aimed to demonstrate the clinical presentations and management of thyroglossal duct diseases.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of all patients who underwent surgery for histopathologically confirmed thyroglossal duct cyst, sinus, or fistula at a single center.ResultsA total of 151 cases were included in this study. There were more female patients (87, 58%) than male patients (64, 42%). The patients' ages ranged from 1 to 63 years old. The most prevalent complaint was painless upper midline neck swelling (93.3%). Most cases were diagnosed as thyroglossal duct cysts (137, 90.7%). Six cases (4%) were associated with carcinoma. All the cases were managed using the modified Sistrunk procedure. There were no procedure-related complications, and five cases of recurrence.ConclusionsAlthough thyroglossal duct cyst is the most common neck anomaly in children, it may also present with various characteristics later in life. This condition can be managed successfully without complications and with a low recurrence rate.
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Project description:BackgroundNeoplasia of ectopic thyroid components is relatively rare in thyroglossal duct cysts. We report a case of histopathologically confirmed papillary thyroid carcinoma in a thyroglossal duct cyst, discuss its clinical characteristics of, and provide reference for diagnosis and treatment.Case descriptionWe presented a 25-year-old female went to hospital because of "a tumor in her neck". She was preoperatively diagnosed with thyroglossal duct cyst by cervical ultrasound, and enhanced computed tomography (CT). However, the solid component of the mass suggested intracystic neoplasia. She underwent Sistrunk surgical resection, and postoperative histopathology showed thyroglossal duct cyst, and papillary thyroid carcinoma in the cyst wall. The patient had no high-risk factors and had a low risk of recurrence. After full disclosure, the patient chose close follow-up, and to date there has been no recurrence.ConclusionsThere are controversies regarding the origin of thyroglossal duct cyst carcinoma and the extent of surgery required, and a lack of unified treatment guidelines. We recommend tailoring individualized treatment based on individual risk stratification. By reporting this case, we hope to inform surgeons of the various abnormalities that may occur in ectopic thyroid tissue.
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Project description:BackgroundOur study aimed to analyze the characteristics of ultrasound images corresponding to each histological stage of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC).MethodsWe prospectively analyzed 75 confirmed cases of PBC and used liver biopsy as the gold standard to determine the disease stage.ResultsThe typical ultrasound images of patients with PBC were characterized by a thickening of the portal vein wall (PVW) and periportal hypoechoic band (PHB) width with increasing histological stages, and significant increases in the left hepatic lobe diameter (LHLD) in stage II (by 64.0%) and stage III (by 69.2%). PHB width (r = 0.857, p < 0.001), PVW thickness (r = 0.488, p < 0.001), and spleen area (r = 0.8774, p < 0.001) were positively correlated with the histological stage. Significant changes were noted in the liver surface, echo texture, and edge between different stages. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of composite indicators were 0.965 for predicting progressive PBC(≥ stage 2), and 0.926 for predicting advanced PBC(≥ stage 3).ConclusionsThe ultrasound imaging characteristics of patients with PBC varied according to the histological staging. LHLD, PVW thickness, and PHB width were significantly correlated with the histological stage. A combination of high- and low-frequency ultrasound imaging can provide relevant cues regarding the degree of PBC progression and important clinical reference values. The application of all the ultrasound image findings as the composite indicators can better predict progressive and advanced PBC, providing important clinical reference values.
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