Pervasive and CpG-dependent promoter-like characteristics of transcribed enhancers.

ABSTRACT: The temporal and spatial expression of genes is controlled by promoters and enhancers. Findings obtained over the last decade that not only promoters but also enhancers are characterized by bidirectional, divergent transcription have challenged the traditional notion that promoters and enhancers represent distinct classes of regulatory elements. Over half of human promoters are associated with CpG islands (CGIs), relatively CpG-rich stretches of generally several hundred nucleotides that are often associated with housekeeping genes. Only about 6% of transcribed enhancers defined by CAGE-tag analysis are associated with CGIs. Here, we present an analysis of enhancer and promoter characteristics and relate them to the presence or absence of CGIs. We show that transcribed enhancers share a nu

SUBMITTER: Steinhaus R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7261191 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature