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Changes in Free-Living Glycemic Profiles after 12 Months of Lifestyle Intervention in Children with Overweight and with Obesity.

ABSTRACT: Previous studies demonstrated that hyperglycemic glucose concentrations are observed in children that are overweight or have obesity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a 12 month lifestyle intervention on free-living glycemic profiles in children that were overweight or had obesity, and the association of the alterations with changes in cardiovascular risk parameters. BMI z-score, free-living glycemic profiles, continuous overlapping net glycemic action (CONGA), and cardiovascular parameters were evaluated before and after a multidisciplinary lifestyle intervention, in 33 non-diabetic children that were overweight or had obesity. In children with a decrease in BMI z-score, the duration which glucose concentrations were above the high-normal threshold (6.7 mmol/L) and the glycemic variability decreased significantly. In these children, a decrease in median sensor glucose was associated with decreases in LDL-cholesterol, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure z-score. A decrease in BMI z-score was associated with a decrease in CONGA1, 2, and 4. In conclusion, the glycemic profiles in free-living conditions in children that were overweight improved in children with a decrease in BMI z-score after lifestyle intervention. In those children, changes in median sensor glucose concentrations were associated with changes in LDL-cholesterol and blood pressure z-scores. These results suggest that glucose homeostasis can improve after one year of lifestyle intervention and that these improvements are associated with improvements in cardiovascular health parameters.

SUBMITTER: Karnebeek K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7282030 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Changes in Free-Living Glycemic Profiles after 12 Months of Lifestyle Intervention in Children with Overweight and with Obesity.

Karnebeek Kylie K Rijks Jesse M JM Dorenbos Elke E Gerver Willem-Jan M WM Plat Jogchum J Vreugdenhil Anita C E ACE

Nutrients 20200426 5

Previous studies demonstrated that hyperglycemic glucose concentrations are observed in children that are overweight or have obesity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a 12 month lifestyle intervention on free-living glycemic profiles in children that were overweight or had obesity, and the association of the alterations with changes in cardiovascular risk parameters. BMI z-score, free-living glycemic profiles, continuous overlapping net glycemic action (CONGA), and cardiovascu ...[more]

PMID: 32357570

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Project description:BackgroundExcessive gestational weight gain (GWG) is associated with elevated weight retention in mothers and might be related to adiposity of their offspring. Little is known if lifestyle intervention during pregnancy has beneficial effects for mothers and children beyond gestation.MethodsA cluster-randomized controlled intervention trial was performed with 250 pregnant women in 8 gynaecological practices. Lifestyle intervention was carried out twice with individual counselling sessions on nutrition, physical activity and weight monitoring. Participants in the control group received routine prenatal care and an information leaflet. Follow-up data of women and their offspring were collected one year postpartum (pp) by phone call and/or via e-mail using a structured questionnaire. Maternal weight retention at 12 months pp and weight development of the children in their first year of life was compared between groups using linear regression. The association between energy and macronutrient intake during pregnancy with maternal weight retention and children weight development was also assessed.ResultsThe intervention resulted in a trend towards lower mean weight retention 12 months pp (0.2 vs. 0.8 kg), but was not statistically significant (p = 0.321). Among women receiving lifestyle counselling, only 8% retained more than 5 kg weight while 17% in the control group retained >5 kg (OR: 0.40 (95% CI: 0.16, 0.97)). For the whole study cohort, an association between higher GWG and increased 12 month weight retention was found (0.4 kg weight retention per 1 kg increase in GWG, p < 0.001). Weight development of the infants did not differ between groups in the first months after birth. At the 10th-12th month weight measurement, infants born to mothers in the intervention group tended towards lower body weights. Both energy intake and macronutrient composition of the diet during pregnancy did not affect maternal weight retention and weight development of the infants.ConclusionsLifestyle counselling during pregnancy to avoid GWG had a rather modest effect on maternal pp weight retention and weight development of the infants. However, larger intervention studies and longer follow-up are required to be able to draw definite conclusions.Trial registrationGerman Clinical Trials Register DRKS00003801.

Dataset Information

Changes in Free-Living Glycemic Profiles after 12 Months of Lifestyle Intervention in Children with Overweight and with Obesity.

Publications

Changes in Free-Living Glycemic Profiles after 12 Months of Lifestyle Intervention in Children with Overweight and with Obesity.

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