Dataset Information

Nasal glucagon as a viable alternative for treating insulin-induced hypoglycaemia in Japanese patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes: A phase 3 randomized crossover study.

ABSTRACT:

Aim

To compare nasal glucagon (NG) with intramuscular glucagon (IMG) for the treatment of insulin-induced hypoglycaemia in Japanese patients with type 1 (T1DM) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Materials and methods

This phase 3, randomized, open-label, two-treatment, two-period crossover non-inferiority study enrolled Japanese adults with T1DM or T2DM on insulin therapy, with glycated haemoglobin levels ≤86 mmol/mol (≤10%). After ≥8 hours of fasting, hypoglycaemia was induced with human regular insulin (intravenous infusion). Patients received NG 3 mg or IMG 1 mg approximately 5 minutes after insulin termination. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients achieving treatment success [plasma glucose (PG) increase to ≥3.9 mmol/L (≥70 mg/dL) or ≥1.1 mmol/L (≥20 mg/dL) increase from the PG nadir within 30 minutes of receiving glucagon]. Non-inferiority was declared if the upper limit of the two-sided 95% confidence interval (CI) of the mean difference in the percentage of patients achieving treatment success (IMG minus NG) was <10%.

Results

Seventy-five patients with T1DM (n = 34) or T2DM (n = 41) were enrolled; 72 patients (50 men, 22 women) received ≥1 study drug dose (T1DM, n = 33; T2DM, n = 39). Sixty-eight patients completed the study and were evaluable. All NG- and IMG-treated patients achieved treatment success (treatment arm difference: 0%; upper limit of two-sided 95% CI 1.47%); NG met prespecified conditions defining non-inferiority versus IMG. Glucagon was rapidly absorbed after both nasal and intramuscular administration; PG profiles were similar between administration routes during the first 60 minutes post dose. Study drug-related treatment-emergent adverse events affecting >2 patients were rhinalgia, increased blood pressure, nausea, ear pain and vomiting in the NG group, and nausea and vomiting in the IMG group.

Conclusion

Nasal glucagon was non-inferior to IMG for successful treatment of insulin-induced hypoglycaemia in Japanese patients with T1DM/T2DM, supporting use of NG as a rescue treatment for severe hypoglycaemia.

SUBMITTER: Matsuhisa M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7318639 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Nasal glucagon as a viable alternative for treating insulin-induced hypoglycaemia in Japanese patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes: A phase 3 randomized crossover study.

Matsuhisa Munehide M Takita Yasushi Y Nasu Risa R Nagai Yukiko Y Ohwaki Kenji K Nagashima Hirotaka H

Diabetes, obesity & metabolism 20200412 7

<h4>Aim</h4>To compare nasal glucagon (NG) with intramuscular glucagon (IMG) for the treatment of insulin-induced hypoglycaemia in Japanese patients with type 1 (T1DM) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).<h4>Materials and methods</h4>This phase 3, randomized, open-label, two-treatment, two-period crossover non-inferiority study enrolled Japanese adults with T1DM or T2DM on insulin therapy, with glycated haemoglobin levels ≤86 mmol/mol (≤10%). After ≥8 hours of fasting, hypoglycaemia was induced w ...[more]

PMID: 32115879

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Dataset Information

Nasal glucagon as a viable alternative for treating insulin-induced hypoglycaemia in Japanese patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes: A phase 3 randomized crossover study.

Aim

Materials and methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Nasal glucagon as a viable alternative for treating insulin-induced hypoglycaemia in Japanese patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes: A phase 3 randomized crossover study.

Similar Datasets

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