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The involvement of the Type Six Secretion System (T6SS) in the virulence of Ralstonia solanacearum on brinjal.

ABSTRACT: Ralstonia solanacearum is an important soil-borne plant pathogen which causes bacterial wilt in a large number of crops. Bacterial Type Six Secretion System (T6SS) is known to participate in pathogenesis, bacterial interaction and inter-bacterial competition. Contribution of T6SS in the virulence of R. solanacearum on eggplant (Solanum melongena L) is studied. In this study, five T6SS gene (ompA, vgrG3, hcp, tssH and tssM) mutants have been developed by insertional mutagenesis and the virulence of the mutants was evaluated on eggplant. In general, the T6SS mutants showed significant reduction of wilt on eggplant. R. solanacearum mutant of ompA gene significantly reduced the wilt from day five through day eight in petiole inoculation. In soil drench inoculation, R. solanacearum mutant of vgrG3 gene reduced the wilt on eggplant and was significantly different throughout the experimental period. Other mutants, viz., tssH, tssM and hcp, also reduced the wilt during the initial stages of disease development. This is the first report on the role of T6SS genes, ompA, vgrG3, hcp and tssH on virulence of R. solanacearum.

SUBMITTER: Asolkar T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7324442 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The involvement of the Type Six Secretion System (T6SS) in the virulence of Ralstonia solanacearum on brinjal.

Asolkar Trupti T Ramesh Raman R

3 Biotech 20200629 7

Ralstonia solanacearum is an important soil-borne plant pathogen which causes bacterial wilt in a large number of crops. Bacterial Type Six Secretion System (T6SS) is known to participate in pathogenesis, bacterial interaction and inter-bacterial competition. Contribution of T6SS in the virulence of R. solanacearum on eggplant (Solanum melongena L) is studied. In this study, five T6SS gene (ompA, vgrG3, hcp, tssH and tssM) mutants have been developed by inserti ...[more]

PMID: 32656057

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Project description:Bacteriophages put intense selective pressure on microbes, which must evolve diverse resistance mechanisms to survive continuous phage attacks. We used a library of spontaneous Bacteriophage Insensitive Mutants (BIMs) to learn how the plant pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum resists the virulent lytic podophage phiAP1. Phenotypic and genetic characterization of many BIMs suggested that the R. solanacearum Type II Secretion System (T2SS) plays a key role in phiAP1 infection. Using precision engineered mutations that permit T2SS assembly but either inactivate the T2SS GspE ATPase or sterically block the secretion portal, we demonstrated that phiAP1 needs a functional T2SS to infect R. solanacearum. This distinction between the static presence of T2SS components, which is necessary but not sufficient for phage sensitivity, and the energized and functional T2SS, which is sufficient, implies that binding interactions alone cannot explain the role of the T2SS in phiAP1 infection. Rather, our results imply that some aspect of the resetting of the T2SS, such as disassembly of the pseudopilus, is required. Because R. solanacearum secretes multiple virulence factors via the T2SS, acquiring resistance to phiAP1 also dramatically reduced R. solanacearum virulence on tomato plants. This acute fitness trade-off suggests this group of phages may be a sustainable control strategy for an important crop disease. IMPORTANCE Ralstonia solanacearum is a destructive plant pathogen that causes lethal bacterial wilt disease in hundreds of diverse plant hosts, including many economically important crops. Phages that kill R. solanacearum could offer effective and environmentally friendly wilt disease control, but only if the bacterium cannot easily evolve resistance. Encouragingly, most R. solanacearum mutants resistant to the virulent lytic phage phiAP1 no longer secreted multiple virulence factors and had much reduced fitness and virulence on tomato plants. Further analysis revealed that phage phiAP1 needs a functional type II secretion system to infect R. solanacearum, suggesting this podophage uses a novel infection mechanism.

Dataset Information

The involvement of the Type Six Secretion System (T6SS) in the virulence of Ralstonia solanacearum on brinjal.

Publications

The involvement of the Type Six Secretion System (T6SS) in the virulence of <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i> on brinjal.

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