Extracellular vesicles enhance oxidative stress through P38/NF-kB pathway in ketamine-induced ulcerative cystitis.

ABSTRACT: Long-term abuse of ketamine causes ketamine-induced cystitis. The functional alterations of bladder epithelial cells in microenvironment during cystitis remain poorly understood. Here, we explored extracellular vesicles (EV) alteration in ketamine-induced toxicity. To simulate the high-concentration ketamine environment in vivo, we established an in vitro model of high ketamine using human uroepithelial cells (SV-HUC-1). Cell viability and proliferation were assessed to evaluate the effects of various concentrations (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 8 mmol/L) of ketamine on SV-HUC-1 cells. The cell supernatant cultured at a concentration (0, 1, 2, 4 mmol/L) of ketamine was selected for EV extraction and identified. Subsequently, we assessed different groups (ketamine, ketamine plus EV blocker, EV

SUBMITTER: Xi XJ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7339200 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature