Dataset Information

Fruit and vegetable consumption is associated with lower prevalence of asymptomatic diverticulosis: a cross-sectional colonoscopy-based study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Previous studies of the relationship between dietary factors and risk of diverticulosis have yielded inconsistent results. We therefore sought to investigate the association between consumption of fruit and vegetables and prevalent diverticulosis.

Methods

Our study population included participants in the Gastrointestinal Disease and Endoscopy Registry (GIDER), a colonoscopy-based longitudinal cohort at the Massachusetts General Hospital, who provided comprehensive information on dietary intake and lifestyle factors using validated questionnaires prior to colonoscopy. Information on presence and location of diverticula was obtained from the endoscopist at the end of each procedure. We used Poisson regression modeling to calculate the prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results

Among 549 participants with a mean age of 61 years enrolled in GIDER, we confirmed diverticulosis in 245 (44.6%). The prevalence of diverticulosis appeared to decrease with higher consumption of fruit and vegetables (P_trend = 0.007 for fruit and 0.008 for vegetables, respectively). Compared to participants with less than five servings of vegetables per week, the multivariable-adjusted PRs of diverticulosis were 0.84 (95% CI, 0.60-1.17) with five to seven servings per week and 0.62 (95% CI, 0.44-0.89) with greater than one serving per day. Similarly, compared to participants with less than five servings per week of fruit, the multivariable-adjusted PR of diverticulosis was 0.60 (95% CI, 0.41-0.87) with greater than one serving per day. These associations were not modified by age, BMI, smoking, or red meat intake (All P_interaction > 0.055).

Conclusion

In a colonoscopy-based longitudinal cohort study, we show that higher consumption of fruit and vegetables is associated with lower risk of prevalent diverticulosis.

SUBMITTER: Maxner B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7353809 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Fruit and vegetable consumption is associated with lower prevalence of asymptomatic diverticulosis: a cross-sectional colonoscopy-based study.

Maxner Benjamin B McGoldrick Jessica J Bellavance Danielle D Liu Po-Hong PH Xavier Ramnik J RJ Yarze Joseph C JC Ricciardi Rocco R Staller Kyle K Chung Daniel C DC Khalili Hamed H

BMC gastroenterology 20200711 1

<h4>Background</h4>Previous studies of the relationship between dietary factors and risk of diverticulosis have yielded inconsistent results. We therefore sought to investigate the association between consumption of fruit and vegetables and prevalent diverticulosis.<h4>Methods</h4>Our study population included participants in the Gastrointestinal Disease and Endoscopy Registry (GIDER), a colonoscopy-based longitudinal cohort at the Massachusetts General Hospital, who provided comprehensive infor ...[more]

PMID: 32652931

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Project description:BackgroundInsufficient sleep has been associated with weight gain and metabolic dysregulation, with one suggested mechanism being through reduction in diet quality. Experimental evidence supports a causal effect of sleep timings on diet but this may not be applicable to a free-living adolescent population. In this analysis we use daily measures of sleep timings and diet quality, to examine the effect of sleep duration and timing on diet quality the following day among free-living adolescents.MethodsThe ROOTS study is a prospective cohort recruited from secondary schools in Cambridgeshire and Suffolk (UK). Participants (n = 815) at mean age 15.0y (SD 0.3y) completed a diet diary and wore a combined heart rate and accelerometer device over 4 consecutive days. Sleep duration and timing (midpoint) were derived from acceleration and heart rate traces, while daily energy density and fruit and vegetable intake were calculated from dietary data. Analyses were performed at day-level (1815 person-days). Multilevel random effects models were used to test associations between sleep each night and subsequent day diet, with daily sleep and diet measures nested within individuals and schools, and adjusted for day-level and individual-level confounding variables.ResultsAdolescents slept a mean of 7.88 hrs (SD 1.10) per night, reporting a mean energy density of 2.12 kcal/g (SD 0.48) and median energy-adjusted daily fruit and vegetable intake of 137.3 g (IQR 130.4). One hour shorter sleep duration was associated with lower intake of fruit and vegetables (-6.42 g, 95%CI -1.84, -10.99) the following day. An association with higher dietary energy density (0.016 kcal/g, 95%CI 0.034, -0.002) the following day was observed but did not reach statistical significance. Sleep timing was not associated with either fruit and vegetable intake (-2.52 g/d, 95%CI -7.66, 2.62) or dietary energy density (-0.001 kcal/g, 95%CI -0.022, 0.020).ConclusionsOur observational findings from a free-living adolescent population support the experimental evidence for a causal role of sleep on diet, with shorter sleep duration at night leading to a small decrease in diet quality the following day. These findings support experimental evidence to suggest inclusion of sleep duration as one component of interventions designed to improve diet quality and weight status in adolescents.

Project description:BackgroundCancer survivors, especially those who are older, experience increased comorbidity and risk for secondary cancers. A varied dietary pattern rich in vegetables and fruits (V&F) is recommended to improve health. However, V&F intake can differ by rural vs urban status.ObjectiveOur objective was to assess the differences in V&F consumption among older cancer survivors residing in urban- and rural-designated areas, and to explore whether differences exist according to sex, race, and cancer type.DesignThis was a cross-sectional secondary analysis.Participants/settingScreening data from the Harvest for Health trial were obtained from October 2016 to November 2019 on 731 Medicare-eligible cancer survivors across Alabama.Main outcome measuresV&F consumption was measured by 2 items from the National Cancer Institute's dietary screener Eating at America's Table. Rural and urban residence was coded at the ZIP-code level using the US Department of Agriculture's Rural-Urban Commuting Area coding schema using 5 different classifications (A through E). Sex, race, and cancer type were dichotomized as male or female, non-Hispanic White or non-Hispanic Black, and gastrointestinal or other cancers, respectively.Statistical analysesKruskal-Wallis rank sum and post-hoc tests were performed to detect differences in V&F consumption (α < .05).ResultsThe study sample was largely female (66.2%) and non-Hispanic White (78.1%); mean age was 70 years and reported average V&F intake was 1.47 cups/d. V&F consumption of cancer survivors living in isolated, small, rural towns was roughly one-half that consumed by survivors living elsewhere; thus, statistically significant rural-urban differences were found in models that accounted specifically for this subgroup, that is, Rural-Urban Commuting Area categorizations A and E. V&F consumption also was significantly lower in non-Hispanic Black (1.32 ± 0.98 cups/d) than non-Hispanic White survivors (1.51 ± 1.10 cups/d) (P = .0456); however, no statistically significant differences were detected by sex and cancer type.ConclusionsAnalyses that address the variability within rural-designated areas are important in future studies. Moreover, a greater understanding is needed of factors that adversely affect V&F consumption of those most vulnerable, that is, older, non-Hispanic Black cancer survivors, as well as those living in isolated, small, rural towns to best target future interventions.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02985411.

Dataset Information

Fruit and vegetable consumption is associated with lower prevalence of asymptomatic diverticulosis: a cross-sectional colonoscopy-based study.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Fruit and vegetable consumption is associated with lower prevalence of asymptomatic diverticulosis: a cross-sectional colonoscopy-based study.

Similar Datasets

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