Emerging role of targeting macrophages in rheumatoid arthritis: Focus on polarization, metabolism and apoptosis.

ABSTRACT: Macrophages maintain a dynamic balance in physiology. Various known or unknown microenvironmental signals influence the polarization, activation and death of macrophages, which creates an imbalance that leads to disease. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by the massive infiltration of a variety of chronic inflammatory cells in synovia. Abundant activated macrophages found in RA synovia are an early hallmark of RA, and the number of these macrophages can be decreased after effective treatment. In RA, the proportion of M1 (pro-inflammatory macrophages) is higher than that of M2 (anti-inflammatory macrophages). The increased pro-inflammatory ability of macrophages is related to their excessive activation and proliferation as well as an enhanced anti-apoptosis ability. At present, the

SUBMITTER: Yang X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7377929 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature