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Specific targeting of IL-1β activity to CD8+ T cells allows for safe use as a vaccine adjuvant.


ABSTRACT: Annual administration and reformulation of influenza vaccines is required for protection against seasonal infections. However, the induction of strong and long-lasting T cells is critical to reach broad and potentially lifelong antiviral immunity. The NLRP3 inflammasome and its product interleukin-1β (IL-1β) are pivotal mediators of cellular immune responses to influenza, yet, overactivation of these systems leads to side effects, which hamper clinical applications. Here, we present a bypass around these toxicities by targeting the activity of IL-1β to CD8+ T cells. Using this approach, we demonstrate safe inclusion of IL-1β as an adjuvant in vaccination strategies, leading to full protection of mice against a high influenza virus challenge dose by raising potent T cell responses. In conclusion, this paper proposes a class of IL-1β-based vaccine adjuvants and also provides further insight in the mechanics of cellular immune responses driven by IL-1β.

SUBMITTER: Van Den Eeckhout B 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7378068 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Specific targeting of IL-1β activity to CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells allows for safe use as a vaccine adjuvant.

Van Den Eeckhout Bram B   Van Hoecke Lien L   Burg Elianne E   Van Lint Sandra S   Peelman Frank F   Kley Niko N   Uzé Gilles G   Saelens Xavier X   Tavernier Jan J   Gerlo Sarah S  

NPJ vaccines 20200723 1


Annual administration and reformulation of influenza vaccines is required for protection against seasonal infections. However, the induction of strong and long-lasting T cells is critical to reach broad and potentially lifelong antiviral immunity. The NLRP3 inflammasome and its product interleukin-1β (IL-1β) are pivotal mediators of cellular immune responses to influenza, yet, overactivation of these systems leads to side effects, which hamper clinical applications. Here, we present a bypass aro  ...[more]

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