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Letter to the editor: Possible role of topical povidone iodine in case of accidental ocular exposure to SARS-CoV-2.

ABSTRACT:

SUBMITTER: Sarma P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7387256 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Letter to the editor: Possible role of topical povidone iodine in case of accidental ocular exposure to SARS-CoV-2.

Sarma Phulen P Kaur Hardeep H Medhi Bikash B Bhattacharyya Anusuya A

Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie 20200729 11

PMID: 32725405

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Povidone-Iodine Attenuates Viral Replication in Ocular Cells: Implications for Ocular Transmission of RNA Viruses.

Project description:Several RNA viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, can infect or use the eye as an entry portal to cause ocular or systemic diseases. Povidone-Iodine (PVP-I) is routinely used during ocular surgeries and eye banking as a cost-effective disinfectant due to its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, including against viruses. However, whether PVP-I can exert antiviral activities in virus-infected cells remains elusive. In this study, using Zika (ZIKV) and Chikungunya (CHIKV) virus infection of human corneal and retinal pigment epithelial cells, we report antiviral mechanisms of PVP-I. Our data showed that PVP-I, even at the lowest concentration (0.01%), drastically reduced viral replication in corneal and retinal cells without causing cellular toxicity. Antiviral effects of PVP-I against ZIKV and CHIKV were mediated by direct viral inactivation, thus attenuating the ability of the virus to infect host cells. Moreover, one-minute PVP-I exposure of infected ocular cells drastically reduced viral replication and the production of infectious progeny virions. Furthermore, viral-induced (CHIKV) expression of inflammatory genes (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, and IL1β) were markedly reduced in PVP-I treated corneal epithelial cells. Together, our results demonstrate potent antiviral effects of PVP-I against ZIKV and CHIKV infection of ocular cells. Thus, a low dose of PVP-I can be used during tissue harvesting for corneal transplants to prevent potential transmission of RNA viruses via infected cells.

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The In Vitro Evaluation of Povidone-Iodine Against Multiple Ocular Adenoviral Types.

Project description:PurposePovidone-iodine (P-I) is being touted as a topical antiviral treatment for eye infections caused by adenovirus (Ad). This study evaluated the in vitro antiviral activity of the several P-I concentrations previously used in clinical studies against multiple ocular Ad types commonly associated with eye infections.MethodsThe antiviral activity of four concentrations of P-I was compared to vehicle for seven types of Ad after incubating the P-I with Ad at 33°C for various lengths of time. Following incubation and neutralization of the P-I with sodium thiosulfate, viral titers were determined for each Ad type and time point.ResultsVirucidal (99.9%, ≥3-Log10) reductions in titers were produced for 5%, 2%, and 0.4% P-I at 1 min for types Ad5 and Ad7a. Similar reductions were produced at 5 min for types Ad3, Ad4, and Ad8. For type Ad19/64, virucidal reductions took 60 min for 5% P-I and 15 min for 2% and 0.4%. For type Ad37, 60 min (5%), 15 min (2%), and 5 min (0.4%) were required to produce virucidal reductions. There were no virucidal reductions in titers produced by 0.001% P-I.ConclusionsP-I produced greater than 3-Log10 reductions of titers at 1-5 min for most of the ocular types tested (types Ad3, Ad4, Ad5, Ad7a, and Ad8). However, it took longer (15-60 min) for these reductions to be produced for types Ad19/64 and Ad37. The antiviral activity of P-I may be Ad type dependent.

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Response to Letter to the Editor.

Project description:In Response To: Walker RH. Reply to: Tardive dyskinesia-like syndrome due to drugs that do not block dopamine receptors: rare or non-existent: literature review. Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov. 2019; 9. doi: 10.7916/3rez-p096 Original Article: D'Abreu A, Friedman JH. Tardive dyskinesia-like syndrome due to drugs that do not block dopamine receptors: rare or non-existent: literature review. Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov. 2018; 8. doi: 10.7916/D8FF58Z9.

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Treatment data using a topical povidone-iodine antiseptic in patients with superficial skin abscesses.

Project description:The standard treatment of cutaneous abscesses in the emergency department is incision and drainage (I&D). The purpose of this investigation is to determine the feasibility of using a povodine-iodine topical antiseptic solution (PVP-I) as a clinical adjunct in the treatment of superficial skin abscesses after I&D, and the data is related to "Pilot Study to Evaluate the Adjunct Use of a Povidone-Iodine Topical Antiseptic in Patients with Soft Tissue Abscesses" [Olson et al., 2019]. The data aims to determine if the daily application of PVP-I in the wound cavity and as an antiseptic hand wash would confer any benefit over I&D alone. The primary outcome was clinical cure 7-10 days after I&D. The secondary outcomes were rate of new abscess development and spread of infection in household contacts (HC) within 30 days.

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Umbilical cord care: a pilot study comparing topical human milk, povidone-iodine, and dry care.

Project description:ObjectiveTo compare the incidence of omphalitis among three groups, each using a different type of newborn cord care: povidone-iodine, dry care, and topical human milk.DesignCase control.SettingA large urban university hospital in Turkey and participant homes after discharge.Participants150 healthy, full-term newborns and their mothers.InterventionsUmbilical cord care consisted of one of three methods: topical application of povidone-iodine twice daily, topical application of mother's milk twice daily, or dry care (keeping the cord dry and clean).Main outcome measureOutcome was measured in terms of the presence or absence of omphalitis and the number of days elapsed before cord separation. An ongoing questionnaire was administered by telephone every other day after the participants left the hospital. In addition to demographic information, the cord separation day and any signs of omphalitis were recorded in the questionnaire.ResultsThere were no significant differences between the three groups in terms of omphalitis occurrence. Two cases of omphalitis were observed (one in the human milk group, one in the povidone-iodine group). Interestingly, babies in the dry care or topical human milk group had shorter cord separation times than those in the povidone-iodine group.ConclusionThe cultural practice of applying human milk to the umbilical cord stump appears to have no adverse effects and is associated with shorter cord separation times than are seen with the use of antiseptics.

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