CD133 inhibition via autophagic degradation in pemetrexed-resistant lung cancer cells by GMI, a fungal immunomodulatory protein from Ganoderma microsporum.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Adaptive drug resistance is an unfavourable prognostic factor in cancer therapy. Pemetrexed-resistant lung cancer cells possess high-metastatic ability via ERK-ZEB1 pathway-activated epithelial-mesenchymal transition. GMI is a fungal immunomodulatory protein that suppresses the survival of several cancer cells.

Methods

Cell viability was analysed by MTT, clonogenic, tumour spheroid, and cancer stem cell sphere assays. Western blot assay was performed to detect the protein expression. Chemical inhibitors and ATG5 shRNA were used to inhibit autophagy. Tumour growth was investigated using xenograft mouse model.

Results

GMI decreased the viability with short- and long-term effects and induced autophagy but not apoptosis in A549/A400 cells. GMI downregulated the

SUBMITTER: Hsin IL 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7403151 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature