[Pd(NHC)(μ-Cl)Cl]₂: Versatile and Highly Reactive Complexes for Cross-Coupling Reactions that Avoid Formation of Inactive Pd(I) Off-Cycle Products.

ABSTRACT: The development of more reactive, general, easily accessible, and readily available Pd(II)-NHC precatalysts remains a key challenge in homogeneous catalysis. In this study, we establish air-stable NHC-Pd(II) chloro-dimers, [Pd(NHC)(μ-Cl)Cl]₂, as the most reactive Pd(II)-NHC catalysts developed to date. Most crucially, compared with [Pd(NHC)(allyl)Cl] complexes, replacement of the allyl throw-away ligand with chloride allows for a more facile activation step, while effectively preventing the formation of off-cycle [Pd₂(μ-allyl)(μ-Cl)(NHC)₂] products. The utility is demonstrated via broad compatibility with amide cross-coupling, Suzuki cross-coupling, and the direct, late-stage functionalization of pharmaceuticals. Computational studies provide key insight in

SUBMITTER: Zhou T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7404551 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature