Project description:Persistence of the left superior caval vein is the most commonly reported thoracic venous anomaly. The vein usually drains into the right atrium through the coronary sinus, reflecting its developmental origin. We describe an unusual variant, in which the vein drained directly into the right atrium.

| S-EPMC8263332 | biostudies-literature

A sneaky vertebra during a right inferior pulmonary vein laser ablation.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC8441200 | biostudies-literature

A Case of Chest Jolts: Pulmonary Vein Thrombus Extending into the Left Atrium.

Project description:Pulmonary vein thrombosis (PVT) is a rare but life-threatening clinical condition, often found incidentally on imaging. In this report, we present an interesting case of PVT of the left inferior pulmonary vein with extension into the left atrium in a 78-year-old woman presenting with "jolts" in the chest. Initial imaging with plain chest film radiograph showed findings consistent with COPD and no acute intrathoracic process. A CT angiogram of the chest revealed a filling defect consistent with thrombus within the left inferior pulmonary vein extending into the left atrium. A transthoracic echocardiogram was remarkable for a severely enlarged right ventricular cavity with moderately reduced right ventricular systolic function and normal left ventricular size with preserved systolic function. She was not a candidate for any surgical interventions, and she was managed with systemic anticoagulation. Management of PVT mostly depends on the underlying cause as there are no well-defined treatment guidelines. The consensus recommends systemic anticoagulation until thrombus resolution. When anticoagulation is contraindicated, thrombectomy is indicated to restore blood flow. In patients with similar presentation and clinical history it is important to consider PVT, and to focus on prompt diagnosis and early initiation of appropriate treatment.

| S-EPMC9195121 | biostudies-literature

Obstructive Shock Due to a Crushed Left Atrium and Pulmonary Vein by Pulmonary Artery Intimal Sarcoma Successfully Treated with Pulmonary Vein Stenting.

Project description:A 46-year-old patient who had undergone right pneumonectomy for pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma presented with hypoxemia. The recurrent sarcoma in the mediastinum revealed external compression to the left pulmonary veins (PVs), leading to obstructive shock and cardiac arrest. Venous artery extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) was initiated; however, withdrawal was difficult, and the patient's survival seemed hopeless. However, the patient's condition improved with stenting for the compressed PV; therefore, VA-ECMO was discontinued, and he was discharged on foot. This is the first case report of obstructive shock due to critical PV stenosis caused by compression of a malignant tumor that responded to PV stenting.

| S-EPMC10864061 | biostudies-literature

Acute Thrombosis of Left Portal Vein during Right Portal Vein Embolization Extended to Segment 4.

Project description:Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is an uncommon, but potentially devastating complication of portal vein embolization (PVE). Its occurrence relates to both local and systemic risk factors. In the setting of PVE, precipitating factors include injury to the vessel wall and reduced portal flow. Contributory factors include portal hypertension, hypercoagulopathy, inflammatory processes, malignancy, pregnancy, oral contraceptive use, and asplenia. The goal of therapy is to prevent thrombus progression and lyse existing clot. Hepatectomy is impossible if adequate recanalization has not occurred and/or overt portal hypertension develops. The mechanisms for thrombus development, its diagnosis, management, and prognosis are discussed.

| S-EPMC3193332 | biostudies-other

Efficacy of Local Treatments for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Involving the Inferior Vena Cava and/or Right Atrium.

Project description:Major vessel invasion is frequently observed in locally advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The most commonly involved major vessel is the portal vein; however, approximately 4% of patients with HCC have inferior vena cava (IVC) and/or right atrium (RA) invasion. Although these conditions have dismal prognoses, local treatments have not been regularly administered because they may affect systemic circulation. Owing to recent technological advances, various local treatments including surgery and external radiotherapy have increasingly been performed in these patients. Since irradiating tumorous lesions in the liver while preserving normal tissues is possible and major vessels are relatively resistant to radiation, external radiotherapy has been a feasible palliative modality for treating vessel-invasive HCC. In addition, systemic fatal complications that were initially a cause of concern have become rare after radiotherapy. While invasive procedures such as extracorporeal circulation or hepatic vascular exclusion may be required, pioneering surgeons have performed surgical resections in selected patients and have obtained promising results. Surgery has shown the best survival outcomes compared to other treatment options including radiotherapy, but the possibility of perioperative morbidity should be considered. In addition, a combination of local treatment and novel systemic agents, which demonstrated better survival and response rates than sorafenib, is expected to maximize therapeutic effects. In this review, we have discussed the most recent treatments for HCC with IVC and/or RA involvement and have provided information intended to guide therapeutic decisions and facilitate future research.

| S-EPMC7762452 | biostudies-literature

Gene expression profiling of right atrium and left ventricle

Project description:A comparison of human cardiac gene expression profile in paired samples of right atrium and left ventricle extracted in vivo<br><br>

2012-01-30 | E-MEXP-3396 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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