The interplay of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) expression and M2 macrophages during prostate carcinogenesis.

ABSTRACT: M2 (tumor-supportive) macrophages may upregulate growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), which is highly expressed in prostate tumors, but the combined utility of these markers as prognostic biomarkers are unclear. We retrospectively studied 90 prostate cancer cases that underwent radical prostatectomy as their primary treatment and were followed for biochemical recurrence (BCR). These cases also had a benign prostate biopsy at least 1 year or more before their prostate cancer surgery. Using computer algorithms to analyze digitalized immunohistochemically stained slides, GDF15 expression and the presence of M2 macrophages based on the relative density of CD204- and CD68-positive macrophages were measured in prostate: (i) benign biopsy, (ii) cancer and (iii) tumor-adjacent benign (TAB) ti

SUBMITTER: Sadasivan SM 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7422623 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature