Toenail metal concentrations and age at menopause: A prospective study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Menopause timing is related to cancer, cardiovascular disease, and mortality. Lead has been associated with an earlier age at menopause, but no study has considered exposure to other metals or multiple metals simultaneously.

Methods

At baseline, we measured toenail concentrations of 16 metals for 903 premenopausal women in the Sister Study (2003-2009). Age at menopause was ascertained through follow-up questionnaires. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between individual metals and age at menopause. We used quantile-g-computation to examine the association between age at menopause and the joint effect of a simultaneous increase in (1) all metals and for subgroups of metal

SUBMITTER: White AJ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7423523 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature