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The Effect of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Global Armed Conflict: Early Evidence.

ABSTRACT: As Covid-19 spreads around the world, international actors, including the United Nations, have called for a stop to armed conflict to facilitate efforts to fight the pandemic. At the same time, coronavirus may also trigger and intensify armed conflict due to its negative economic consequences and by offering windows of opportunity to opposition movements to attack distracted and weakened incumbents. We use real-time data on the spread of Covid-19, governmental lockdown policies, and battle events to study the causal short-term effect of the pandemic on armed conflict. Our results suggest that both the spread of Covid-19 and lockdown policies exhibit a global Null effect with considerable regional heterogeneity. Most importantly, governmental lockdowns have increased armed conflict in the Middle East. In contrast, reported combat has decreased in Southeast Asia and the Caucasus as the pandemic has spread.

SUBMITTER: Mehrl M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7426721 | biostudies-literature | 2021 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The Effect of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Global Armed Conflict: Early Evidence.

Mehrl Marius M Thurner Paul W PW

Political studies review 20210501 2

As Covid-19 spreads around the world, international actors, including the United Nations, have called for a stop to armed conflict to facilitate efforts to fight the pandemic. At the same time, coronavirus may also trigger and intensify armed conflict due to its negative economic consequences and by offering windows of opportunity to opposition movements to attack distracted and weakened incumbents. We use real-time data on the spread of Covid-19, governmental lockdown policies, and battle event ...[more]

PMID: 35082555

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Project description:BackgroundEthical conflict is a problem with negative consequences, which can compromise the quality and ethical standards of the nursing profession and it is a source of stress for health care practitioners', especially for nurses.ObjectivesThe main aim of this study was to analyze Spanish critical care nurses' level of exposure to ethical conflict and its association with sociodemographic, occupational, and COVID-19-related variables. Research Design, Participants, and Research context: This was a quantitative cross-sectional descriptive study conducted among 117 nurses working in critical care units. Data collection tools were sociodemographic, occupational, and COVID-19-related questionnaires and previously validated Spanish version of Ethical Conflict in Nursing Questionnaire-Critical Care Version.Ethical considerationsWe obtained permission from the Ethics Committee and participants' informed consent.FindingsData indicates a moderate level of exposure to ethical conflicts. The most frequent ethical conflicts were related to situations about "treatment and clinical procedures." The most intensity of ethical conflicts was related to situations about "treatment and clinical procedures" and "dynamics of the service and working environment." No statistical significance was identified between the socio-demographic variables and level of exposure to ethical conflicts. However, for critical care nurses working in ICU, nurses with perceived worked stress had a higher level of exposure to ethical conflicts. Likewise, critical care nurses whose family/friends were infected with COVID-19 had a higher level of exposure.ConclusionsCritical care nurses experience a moderate level of exposure to ethical conflicts which is consistent with the results of previous studies. A deeper understanding of ethical conflicts in conflictive situations allows recognition of the situations that occur in everyday clinical practice, identification of the ethical conflicts, and facilitation of the nurses working in the challenging clinical situation.

Dataset Information

The Effect of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Global Armed Conflict: Early Evidence.

Publications

The Effect of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Global Armed Conflict: Early Evidence.

Similar Datasets

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