Assessment of pulmonary surfactant in COVID-19 patients.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Schousboe P
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7475719 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Assessment of pulmonary surfactant in COVID-19 patients.
Schousboe Peter P Wiese Lothar L Heiring Christian C Verder Henrik H Poorisrisak Porntiva P Verder Povl P Nielsen Henning Bay HB
Critical care (London, England) 20200907 1
Similar Datasets
Project description:To provide novel data on surfactant levels in adult COVID-19 patients, we collected bronchoalveolar lavage fluid less than 72 h after intubation and used Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy to measure levels of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC). A total of eleven COVID-19 patients with moderate-to-severe ARDS (CARDS) and 15 healthy controls were included. CARDS patients had lower DPPC levels than healthy controls. Moreover, a principal component analysis was able to separate patient groups into distinguishable subgroups. Our findings indicate markedly impaired pulmonary surfactant levels in COVID-19 patients, justifying further studies and clinical trials of exogenous surfactant.
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Project description:To understand how COVID-19 alters the platelet transcriptome.
2021-09-09 | GSE176480 | GEO
Project description:In this review, we discuss the role of pulmonary surfactant in the host defense against respiratory pathogens, including novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. In the lower respiratory system, the virus uses angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor in conjunction with serine protease TMPRSS2, expressed by alveolar type II (ATII) cells as one of the SARS-CoV-2 target cells, to enter. ATII cells are the main source of surfactant. After their infection and the resulting damage, the consequences may be severe and may include injury to the alveolar-capillary barrier, lung edema, inflammation, ineffective gas exchange, impaired lung mechanics and reduced oxygenation, which resembles acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) of other etiology. The aim of this review is to highlight the key role of ATII cells and reduced surfactant in the pathogenesis of the respiratory form of COVID-19 and to emphasize the rational basis for exogenous surfactant therapy in COVID-19 ARDS patients.
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Project description:Growing evidence points to a key role of endothelial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. In this study, we evaluated changes in endothelium-dependent flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in a cohort of convalescent COVID-19 patients undergoing pulmonary rehabilitation (PR). After swab test negativization, convalescent COVID-19 patients referring to a post-acute care facility for PR were consecutively screened for inclusion. Study procedures were performed at the time of hospitalization and discharge. We enrolled 82 convalescent COVID-19 patients (85.4% males, mean age 60.4 years). After PR, a significant improvement in most pulmonary function tests and exercise capacity was documented. FMD changed from 2.48% ± 2.01 to 4.24% ± 2.81 (p < 0.001), corresponding to a 70.9% increase. Significantly higher changes in FMD were found in patients without a history of vascular events as compared to those with (+2.04% ± 2.30 vs. +0.61% ± 1.83, p = 0.013). Values of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1%), forced vital capacity (FVC%) and diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO%) significantly and directly correlated with FMD both at baseline and after PR. Patients with normal FEV1% (≥80% predicted) during the overall study period or those normalizing FEV1% after PR showed a more significant FMD change as compared to patients with persistently impaired FEV1% (<80% predicted) (p for trend = 0.029). This finding was confirmed in a multivariate analysis. Clinically evaluated endothelial function improves after PR in convalescent COVID-19 patients. A direct and persistent association between the severity of pulmonary and vascular disease can be hypothesized. Endothelial function testing may be useful in the follow-up of convalescent COVID-19 patients.
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Project description:Dexamethasone improves the survival of COVID-19 patients in need of supplemental oxygen therapy. Hospitalized COVID-19 patients eligible for dexamethasone therapy were recruited from the general care ward in several centers in Greece and the Netherlands and whole blood transcriptomic analysis was performed before and after starting dexamethasone treatment. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from healthy individuals and COVID-19 patients and stimulated with inactivated SARS-CoV-2 ex vivo in the presence or absence of dexamethasone and their transcriptome was assessed.
2023-07-26 | GSE227585 | GEO
Project description:PurposeTo investigate, in a meta-analysis, the frequency of pulmonary embolism (PE) in patients with COVID-19 and whether D-dimer assessment may be useful to select patients for computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA).MethodsA systematic literature search was performed for original studies which reported the frequency of PE on CTPA in patients with COVID-19. The frequency of PE, the location of PE, and the standardized mean difference (SMD) of D-dimer levels between patients with and without PE were pooled by random effects models.ResultsSeventy-one studies were included. Pooled frequencies of PE in patients with COVID-19 at the emergency department (ED), general wards, and intensive care unit (ICU) were 17.9% (95% CI: 12.0-23.8%), 23.9% (95% CI: 15.2-32.7%), and 48.6% (95% CI: 41.0-56.1%), respectively. PE was more commonly located in peripheral than in main pulmonary arteries (pooled frequency of 65.3% [95% CI: 60.0-70.1%] vs. 32.9% [95% CI: 26.7-39.0%]; OR = 3.540 [95% CI: 2.308-5.431%]). Patients with PE had significantly higher D-dimer levels (pooled SMD of 1.096 [95% CI, 0.844-1.349]). D-dimer cutoff levels which have been used to identify patients with PE varied between 1000 and 4800 μg/L.ConclusionThe frequency of PE in patients with COVID-19 is highest in the ICU, followed by general wards and the ED. PE in COVID-19 is more commonly located in peripheral than in central pulmonary arteries, which suggests local thrombosis to play a major role. D-dimer assessment may help to select patients with COVID-19 for CTPA, using D-dimer cutoff levels of at least 1000 μg/L.Key points• The frequency of PE in patients with COVID-19 is highest in the ICU, followed by general wards and the ED. • PE in COVID-19 is more commonly located in peripheral than in central pulmonary arteries. • D-dimer levels are significantly higher in patients with COVID-19 who have PE.
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Project description:Genomic epidemiology of COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis from four European countries confirms isolates are drawn from the wider Aspergillus fumigatus population
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Project description: Not available
| S-BSST719 | biostudies-other