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Arf6 determines tissue architecture by stabilizing intercellular adhesion.

ABSTRACT: Correct cell shape is indispensable for tissue architecture, with cell shape being determined by cortical actin and surface adhesion. The role of adhesion in remodelling tissue is to counteract the deformation of cells by force, resulting from actomyosin contractility, and to maintain tissue integrity. The dynamics of this adhesion are critical to the processes of cell shape formation and maintenance. Here, we show that the trafficking molecule Arf6 has a direct impact on cell elongation, by acting to stabilize E-cadherin-based adhesion complexes at the cell surface, in addition to its canonical role in endocytosis. We demonstrate that these functions of Arf6 are dependent on the molecule Flotillin1, which recruits Arf6 to the plasma membrane. Our data suggest that Arf6 and Flotillin1 operate in a pathway distinct from clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Altogether, we demonstrate that Arf6- and Flotillin1-dependent regulation of the dynamics of cell adhesion contribute to moulding tissue in vivo. This article is part of the discussion meeting issue 'Contemporary morphogenesis'.

SUBMITTER: Greig J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7482221 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Arf6 determines tissue architecture by stabilizing intercellular adhesion.

Greig Joshua J Bulgakova Natalia A NA

Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences 20200824 1809

Correct cell shape is indispensable for tissue architecture, with cell shape being determined by cortical actin and surface adhesion. The role of adhesion in remodelling tissue is to counteract the deformation of cells by force, resulting from actomyosin contractility, and to maintain tissue integrity. The dynamics of this adhesion are critical to the processes of cell shape formation and maintenance. Here, we show that the trafficking molecule Arf6 has a direct impact on cell elongation, by act ...[more]

PMID: 32829688

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Project description:Simple Summary Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) is a protein produced by cells in blood vessel walls, as well as many other cell types. It localizes to the surface of these cells to allow them to communicate with adjacent cells. The production of ICAM-1 is induced by inflammation, such as occurs during infection, when one of its main functions is to direct white blood cells to the site of the infection. However, in autoimmune diseases and certain types of infection, ICAM-1 can be involved in directing cells to damage healthy tissue. ICAM-1 can also promote or protect against cancer, depending on the type of cancer and the cell populations that are producing it. In this review article, the ICAM1 gene and ICAM-1 protein are introduced, and their regulation is summarized. The roles of ICAM-1 in the immune system and a spectrum of diseases, as well as therapeutics that target ICAM-1, are discussed. Abstract Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) is a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily expressed on the surface of multiple cell populations and upregulated by inflammatory stimuli. It mediates cellular adhesive interactions by binding to the β2 integrins macrophage antigen 1 and leukocyte function-associated antigen 1, as well as other ligands. It has important roles in the immune system, including in leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium and transendothelial migration, and at the immunological synapse formed between lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells. ICAM-1 has also been implicated in the pathophysiology of diverse diseases from cardiovascular diseases to autoimmune disorders, certain infections, and cancer. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the structure and regulation of the ICAM1 gene and the ICAM-1 protein. We discuss the roles of ICAM-1 in the normal immune system and a selection of diseases to highlight the breadth and often double-edged nature of its functions. Finally, we discuss current therapeutics and opportunities for advancements.

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Arf6 determines tissue architecture by stabilizing intercellular adhesion.

Publications

Arf6 determines tissue architecture by stabilizing intercellular adhesion.

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