Dataset Information

First report of equine parvovirus-hepatitis-associated Theiler's disease in Europe.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Equine parvovirus-hepatitis (EqPV-H) has been proposed as the aetiological cause of Theiler's disease, also known as serum hepatitis. EqPV-H-associated Theiler's disease has not been previously reported in Europe.

Objectives

To determine whether EqPV-H infection was associated with a 2018-2019 outbreak of Theiler's disease in four horses on a studfarm.

Study design

Descriptive case series.

Methods

The medical records of four horses from the same farm diagnosed with fatal Theiler's disease were examined retrospectively. Information collected included a clinical history, physical examination findings, tetanus antitoxin exposure, serum biochemistry and necropsy reports. Liver tissue from all four horses was tested for EqPV-H using PCR and in situ hybridisation (ISH) assays.

Results

Three of the horses had a history of recent (7-11 weeks) tetanus antitoxin administration. Liver tissue from all four horses tested positive for EqPV-H with PCR. In situ hybridisation revealed a widespread distribution of viral nucleic acid in hepatocytes in one case, and a more sporadic distribution in the remaining three cases.

Main limitations

Case controls were not available from the farm in question given the retrospective nature of analysis.

Conclusions

This case series documents the first reported EqPV-H-associated Theiler's disease in Europe and the first use of ISH to visualise the viral nucleic acid in liver tissues of horses with Theiler's disease.

SUBMITTER: Vengust M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7483838 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

First report of equine parvovirus-hepatitis-associated Theiler's disease in Europe.

Vengust Modest M Jager Mason C MC Zalig Valentina V Cociancich Vasilij V Laverack Melissa M Renshaw Randall W RW Dubovi Edward E Tomlinson Joy E JE Van de Walle Gerlinde R GR Divers Thomas J TJ

Equine veterinary journal 20200325 6

<h4>Background</h4>Equine parvovirus-hepatitis (EqPV-H) has been proposed as the aetiological cause of Theiler's disease, also known as serum hepatitis. EqPV-H-associated Theiler's disease has not been previously reported in Europe.<h4>Objectives</h4>To determine whether EqPV-H infection was associated with a 2018-2019 outbreak of Theiler's disease in four horses on a studfarm.<h4>Study design</h4>Descriptive case series.<h4>Methods</h4>The medical records of four horses from the same farm diagn ...[more]

PMID: 32145096

Similar Datasets

Project description:Reports of newly discovered equine hepatotropic flavi- and parvoviruses have emerged throughout the last decade in many countries, the discovery of which has stimulated a great deal of interest and clinical research. Although commonly detected in horses without signs of disease, equine parvovirus hepatitis (EqPV-H) and equine hepacivirus (EqHV) have been associated with liver disease, including following the administration of contaminated anti-toxin. Our aim was to determine whether EqPV-H and EqHV are present in Australian horses and whether EqPV-H was present in French horses and to examine sequence diversity between strains of both viruses amongst infected horses on either side of the globe. Sera from 188 Australian horses and 256 French horses from horses with and without clinical signs of disease were collected. Twelve out of 256 (4.7%) and 6 out of 188 (3.2%) French and Australian horses, respectively, were positive for the molecular detection of EqPV-H. Five out of 256 (1.9%) and 21 out of 188 (11.2%) French and Australian horses, respectively, were positive for the molecular detection of EqHV. Australian strains for both viruses were genomically clustered, in contrast to strains from French horses, which were more broadly distributed. The findings of this preliminary survey, with the molecular detection of EqHV and EqPV-H in Australia and the latter in France, adds to the growing body of awareness regarding these recently discovered hepatotropic viruses. It has provided valuable information not just in terms of geographic endemicity but will guide equine clinicians, carers, and authorities regarding infectious agents and potential impacts of allogenic tissue contamination. Although we have filled many gaps in the world map regarding equine hepatotropic viruses, further prospective studies in this emerging field may be useful in terms of elucidating risk factors and pathogenesis of these pathogens and management of cases in terms of prevention and diagnosis.

Dataset Information

First report of equine parvovirus-hepatitis-associated Theiler's disease in Europe.

Background

Objectives

Study design

Methods

Results

Main limitations

Conclusions

Publications

First report of equine parvovirus-hepatitis-associated Theiler's disease in Europe.

Similar Datasets

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