Institutional environments and breakthroughs in science. Comparison of France, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States.

ABSTRACT: Scientific and/or technical breakthroughs require the exploration of novel ideas and technologies. Yet, it has not been studied quantitatively how national institutional contexts either facilitate or stifle organizational support for exploration. Available qualitative evidence suggests that institutional contexts that exert weak control over universities and research organizations strengthen their capabilities to achieve scientific breakthroughs, while contexts with strong control constrain them. The paper is based on an analysis of the population of Nobel laureates in Physics, Chemistry and Physiology or Medicine. We examine to what extent existing qualitative findings for the biomedical sciences, which are partly based on Nobel laureates in Physiology or Medicine, can be substantiated bo

SUBMITTER: Heinze T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7526927 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature