Twenty Years Later: A Comprehensive Review of the X Chromosome Use in Forensic Genetics.

ABSTRACT: The unique structure of the X chromosome shaped by evolution has led to the present gender-specific genetic differences, which are not shared by its counterpart, the Y chromosome, and neither by the autosomes. In males, recombination between the X and Y chromosomes is limited to the pseudoautosomal regions, PAR1 and PAR2; therefore, in males, the X chromosome is (almost) entirely transmitted to female offspring. On the other hand, the X chromosome is present in females with two copies that recombine along the whole chromosome during female meiosis and that is transmitted to both female and male descendants. These transmission characteristics, besides the obvious clinical impact (sex chromosome aneuploidies are extremely frequent), make the X chromosome an irreplaceable genetic tool for pop

SUBMITTER: Gomes I 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7527635 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature