Dataset Information

High mitochondrial mutation rates in Silene are associated with nuclear-mediated changes in mitochondrial physiology.

ABSTRACT: Mitochondrial (mt) respiration depends on proteins encoded both by the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes. Variation in mt-DNA mutation rates exists across eukaryotes, although the functional consequences of elevated mt mutation rates in some lineages remain underexplored. In the angiosperm genus Silene, closely related, ecologically similar species have either 'fast' or 'slow' mt-DNA mutation rates. Here, we investigated the functional consequences of elevated mt-DNA mutation rates on mt respiration profiles of Silene mitochondria. Overall levels of respiration were similar among Species. Fast species had lower respiration efficiency than slow species and relied up to 48% more on nuclear-encoded respiratory enzymes alternative oxidase (AOX) and accessory dehydrogenases (DHex), which participate in stress responses in plants. However, not all fast species showed these trends. Respiratory profiles of some enzymes were correlated, most notably AOX and DHex. We conclude that subtle differences in mt physiology among Silene lineages with dramatically different mt mutation rates may underly similar phenotypes at higher levels of biological organization, betraying the consequences of mt mutations.

SUBMITTER: Weaver RJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7532717 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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High mitochondrial mutation rates in <i>Silene</i> are associated with nuclear-mediated changes in mitochondrial physiology.

Weaver Ryan J RJ Carrion Gina G Nix Rachel R Maeda Gerald P GP Rabinowitz Samantha S Iverson Erik N K ENK Thueson Kiley K Havird Justin C JC

Biology letters 20200916 9

Mitochondrial (mt) respiration depends on proteins encoded both by the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes. Variation in mt-DNA mutation rates exists across eukaryotes, although the functional consequences of elevated mt mutation rates in some lineages remain underexplored. In the angiosperm genus <i>Silene</i>, closely related, ecologically similar species have either 'fast' or 'slow' mt-DNA mutation rates. Here, we investigated the functional consequences of elevated mt-DNA mutation rates on mt ...[more]

PMID: 32933406

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Project description:BackgroundAlthough mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of many animals tends to mutate at higher rates than nuclear DNA (nuDNA), a recent survey of mutation rates of various animal groups found that the gastropod family Bradybaenidae (suborder Helicina) shows a nearly 40-fold difference in mutation rates of mtDNA ([Formula: see text]m) and nuDNA ([Formula: see text]n), while other gastropod taxa exhibit only two to five-fold differences. To determine if Bradybaenidae represents an outlier within Gastropoda, I compared estimated values of [Formula: see text]m/[Formula: see text]n of additional gastropod groups. In particular, I reconstructed mtDNA and nuDNA gene trees of 121 datasets that include members of various clades contained within the gastropod subclasses Caenogastropoda, Heterobranchia, Patellogastropoda, and Vetigastropoda and then used total branch length estimates of these gene trees to infer [Formula: see text]m/[Formula: see text]n.ResultsEstimated values of [Formula: see text]m/[Formula: see text]n range from 1.4 to 91.9. Datasets that exhibit relatively large values of [Formula: see text]m/[Formula: see text]n (i.e., > 20), however, show relatively lower estimates of [Formula: see text]n (and not elevated [Formula: see text]m) in comparison to groups with lower values. These datasets also tend to contain sequences of recently diverged species. In addition, datasets with low levels of phylogenetic breadth (i.e., contain members of single genera or families) exhibit higher values of [Formula: see text]m/[Formula: see text]n than those with high levels (i.e., those that contain representatives of single superfamilies or higher taxonomic ranks).ConclusionsGastropods exhibit considerable variation in estimates of [Formula: see text]m/[Formula: see text]n. Large values of [Formula: see text]m/[Formula: see text]n that have been calculated for Bradybaenidae and other gastropod taxa may be overestimated due to possible sampling artifacts or processes that depress estimates of total molecular divergence of nuDNA in groups that recently diversified.

Dataset Information

High mitochondrial mutation rates in Silene are associated with nuclear-mediated changes in mitochondrial physiology.

Publications

High mitochondrial mutation rates in <i>Silene</i> are associated with nuclear-mediated changes in mitochondrial physiology.

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