A sleep-like state in Hydra unravels conserved sleep mechanisms during the evolutionary development of the central nervous system.

ABSTRACT: Sleep behaviors are observed even in nematodes and arthropods, yet little is known about how sleep-regulatory mechanisms have emerged during evolution. Here, we report a sleep-like state in the cnidarian Hydra vulgaris with a primitive nervous organization. Hydra sleep was shaped by homeostasis and necessary for cell proliferation, but it lacked free-running circadian rhythms. Instead, we detected 4-hour rhythms that might be generated by ultradian oscillators underlying Hydra sleep. Microarray analysis in sleep-deprived Hydra revealed sleep-dependent expression of 212 genes, including cGMP-dependent protein kinase 1 (PRKG1) and ornithine aminotransferase. Sleep-promoting effects of melatonin, GABA, and PRKG1 were conserved in Hydra However, arousing dopa

SUBMITTER: Kanaya HJ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7541080 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature