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Association of molecular markers with physio-biochemical traits related to seed vigour in rice.

ABSTRACT: Eighteen physio-biochemical traits influencing seed vigour were studied for their association with molecular markers using a mini core set constituted from 120 germplasm lines. High genetic variation was detected in the parameters namely chlrophyll a, Chlrophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, total anthocyanin content, gamma-oryzanols, total phenolics content, superoxide dismutase, catalase, guaicol peroxidase, total soluble sugar, total protein, seed vigour index -I and seed vigour index -II. Strong positive correlation of seed vigour index II was observed with amylose content, total anthocyanin content, catalase, total phenolic content and total flavonoid content while a negative association was observed for gamma-oryzanol content. High gene diversity (0.7169) and informative markers value (0.6789) were estimated from the investigation. Three genetic structure groups were observed in the panel population and genotypes were grouped in the subpopulations based on the seed vigour trait. Differences in the fixation indices of the three sub populations indicated existence of linkage disequilibrium in the studied panel population. Association of the traits namely total flavonoids, superoxide dismutase, catalase, chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, starch, amylose, total anthocyanin, gamma-oryzanol, total phenolics with the molecular markers were detected by Generalized Linear Model and Mixed Linear Model showing > 0.10 R² value. Association of the trait, total flavonoids with marker RM7364 located on chromosome 8 reported in earlier study was validated in this investigation. The validated markers and the novel markers detected showing higher R² value will be useful for improvement of seed vigour in rice.

SUBMITTER: Sahoo S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7548267 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Association of molecular markers with physio-biochemical traits related to seed vigour in rice.

Sahoo Swastideepa S Sanghamitra Priyadarsini P Nanda Nibedita N Pawar Swapnil S Pandit Elssa E Bastia Ramakrushna R Muduli Kumuda Chandra KC Pradhan Sharat Kumar SK

Physiology and molecular biology of plants : an international journal of functional plant biology 20200914 10

Eighteen physio-biochemical traits influencing seed vigour were studied for their association with molecular markers using a mini core set constituted from 120 germplasm lines. High genetic variation was detected in the parameters namely chlrophyll a, Chlrophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, total anthocyanin content, gamma-oryzanols, total phenolics content, superoxide dismutase, catalase, guaicol peroxidase, total soluble sugar, total protein, seed vigour index -I and seed vigour index -I ...[more]

PMID: 33088044

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Project description:BackgroundChemical mutagenesis has been successfully used for increasing genetic diversity in crop plants. More than 800 novel mutant types of rice (Oryza sativa L.) have been developed through the successful application of numerous mutagenic agents. Among a wide variety of chemical mutagens, ethyl-methane-sulfonate (EMS) is the alkylating agent that is most commonly employed in crop plants because it frequently induces nucleotide substitutions as detected in numerous genomes.MethodsIn this study, seeds of the widely consumed Basmati rice variety (Super Basmati, Oryza sativa L.) were treated with EMS at concentrations of 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, 1.0%, and 1.25% to broaden its narrow genetic base.ResultsSensitivity to a chemical mutagen such as ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) was determined in the M1 generation. Results in M1 generation revealed that as the levels of applied EMS increased, there was a significant reduction in the germination percent, root length, shoot length, plant height, productive tillers, panicle length, sterile spikelet, total spikelet, and fertility percent as compared to the control under field conditions. All the aforementioned parameters decreased but there was an increase in EMS mutagens in an approximately linear fashion. Furthermore, there was no germination at 1.25% of EMS treatment for seed germination. A 50% germination was recorded between 0.50% and 0.75% EMS treatments. After germination, the subsequent parameters, viz. root length and shoot length had LD50 between 05.0% and 0.75% EMS dose levels. Significant variation was noticed in the photosynthetic and water related attributes of fragrant rice. The linear increase in the enzymatic attributes was noticed by the EMS mediated treatments. After the establishment of the plants in the M1 generation in the field, it was observed that LD50 for fertility percentage was at EMS 1.0% level, for the rice variety.ConclusionHence, it is concluded that for creating genetic variability in the rice variety (Super Basmati), EMS doses from 0.5% to 0.75% are the most efficient, and effective.

Project description:Cucumber is an important vegetable crop grown worldwide and highly sensitive to prevailing temperature condition. The physiological, biochemical and molecular basis of high temperature stress tolerance is poorly understood in this model vegetable crop. In the present study, a set of genotypes with contrasting response under two different temperature stress (35/30°C and 40/35°C) were evaluated for important physiological and biochemical traits. Besides, expression of the important heat shock proteins (HSPs), aquaporins (AQPs), photosynthesis related genes was conducted in two selected contrasting genotypes at different stress conditions. It was established that tolerant genotypes were able to maintain high chlorophyll retention, stable membrane stability index, higher retention of water content, stability in net photosynthesis, high stomatal conductance and transpiration in combination with less canopy temperatures under high temperature stress conditions compared to susceptible genotypes and were considered as the key physiological traits associated with heat tolerance in cucumber. Accumulation of biochemicals like proline, protein and antioxidants like SOD, catalase and peroxidase was the underlying biochemical mechanisms for high temperature tolerance. Upregulation of photosynthesis related genes, signal transduction genes and heat responsive genes (HSPs) in tolerant genotypes indicate the molecular network associated with heat tolerance in cucumber. Among the HSPs, higher accumulation of HSP70 and HSP90 were recorded in the tolerant genotype, WBC-13 under heat stress condition indicating their critical role. Besides, Rubisco S, Rubisco L and CsTIP1b were upregulated in the tolerant genotypes under heat stress condition. Therefore, the HSPs in combination with photosynthetic and aquaporin genes were the underlying important molecular network associated with heat stress tolerance in cucumber. The findings of the present study also indicated negative feedback of G-protein alpha unit and oxygen evolving complex in relation to heat stress tolerance in cucumber. These results indicate that the thermotolerant cucumber genotypes enhanced physio-biochemical and molecular adaptation under high-temperature stress condition. This study provides foundation to design climate smart genotypes in cucumber through integration of favorable physio-biochemical traits and understanding the detailed molecular network associated with heat stress tolerance in cucumber.

Project description:Introduction/backgroundDirect-seeded rice is exceptionally vulnerable to chilling stress, especially at the seed germination and seedling growth stages in the early season of the double cropping system.MethodsTherefore, we conducted two experiments to evaluate the role of various seed primings and their different concentrations of plant growth regulators [experiment 1-abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellin (GA3), salicylic acid (SA), brassinolide (BR), paclobutrazol, uniconazole (UN), melatonin (MT), and jasmonic acid (JA)] and osmopriming substances (chitosan, polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), and CaCl2) and experiment 2-GA, BR (two best), CaCl2 (worst), and control (CK)] on rice seedlings under low temperature condition.ResultsResults showed that the maximum germination rate of 98% was recorded in GA3 (10 mgL-1) and BR (0.3 mgL-1) among treatments. Compared to CK, root and shoot length were improved in ABA (0.5 mgL-1) and GA3 (100 mgL-1) by 64% and 68%, respectively. At the same time, root and shoot weights (fresh and dry) were enhanced in Paclobutrazol (300 mgL-1) and GA3 among treatments. Furthermore, the average root volume, average root diameter, and total root surface area were increased by 27%, 38%, and 33% in Paclobutrazol (300 mgL-1), Paclobutrazol (200 mgL-1) and JA (1 mgL-1) treatments, respectively compared to CK. In the second experiment, a respective increase of 26%, 19%, 38%, and 59% was noted in SOD, POD, CAT, and APX enzyme activities in GA treatment compared to CK. Similarly, proline, soluble sugar, soluble protein, and GA content were also improved by 42%, 25.74%, 27%, and 19%, respectively, in GA treatment compared to CK. However, a respective reduction of 21% and 18% was noted in MDA and ABA content in GA treatment compared to CK. Our finding highlighted that better germination of primed-rice seedlings was associated with fresh and dry weights of the roots and shoots and the average root volume of the seedlings.DiscussionOur results suggested that GA3 (10 mg L-1) and BR (0.3 mg L-1) seed priming prevent rice seedlings from chilling-induced oxidative stress by regulating antioxidant enzyme activities and maintaining ABA, GA, MDA, soluble sugar, and protein content. However, further studies (transcriptome and proteome) are needed to explore the molecular mechanisms involved in seed priming-induced chilling tolerance under field conditions.

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Association of molecular markers with physio-biochemical traits related to seed vigour in rice.

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Association of molecular markers with physio-biochemical traits related to seed vigour in rice.

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